{"id":12465,"date":"2023-12-31T05:29:36","date_gmt":"2023-12-31T01:59:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/25-%d9%81%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%aa%d8%b1-%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86%d9%88%da%a9%d8%b3\/"},"modified":"2023-12-31T05:29:36","modified_gmt":"2023-12-31T01:59:36","slug":"25-%d9%81%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%aa%d8%b1-%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86%d9%88%da%a9%d8%b3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/25-%d9%81%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%aa%d8%b1-%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86%d9%88%da%a9%d8%b3\/","title":{"rendered":"25 \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_85 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\"><p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">\u0633\u0631\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628<\/p>\n<\/div><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/25-%d9%81%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%aa%d8%b1-%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86%d9%88%da%a9%d8%b3\/#1_ls\" >1. ls<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/25-%d9%81%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%aa%d8%b1-%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86%d9%88%da%a9%d8%b3\/#2_echo\" >2. echo<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/25-%d9%81%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%aa%d8%b1-%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86%d9%88%da%a9%d8%b3\/#3_%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b3_%da%a9%d8%b1%d8%af%d9%86\" >3. \u0644\u0645\u0633 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/25-%d9%81%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%aa%d8%b1-%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86%d9%88%da%a9%d8%b3\/#4_mkdir\" >4. mkdir<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/25-%d9%81%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%aa%d8%b1-%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86%d9%88%da%a9%d8%b3\/#5_grep\" >5. grep<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/25-%d9%81%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%aa%d8%b1-%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86%d9%88%da%a9%d8%b3\/#6_%d9%85%d8%b1%d8%af\" >6. \u0645\u0631\u062f<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/25-%d9%81%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%aa%d8%b1-%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86%d9%88%da%a9%d8%b3\/#7_pwd\" >7. pwd<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/25-%d9%81%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%aa%d8%b1-%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86%d9%88%da%a9%d8%b3\/#8_%d8%b3%db%8c_%d8%af%db%8c\" >8. \u0633\u06cc \u062f\u06cc<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/25-%d9%81%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%aa%d8%b1-%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86%d9%88%da%a9%d8%b3\/#9_mv\" >9. mv<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/25-%d9%81%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%aa%d8%b1-%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86%d9%88%da%a9%d8%b3\/#10_rmdir\" >10. rmdir<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/25-%d9%81%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%aa%d8%b1-%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86%d9%88%da%a9%d8%b3\/#11_%d9%be%db%8c%d8%af%d8%a7_%da%a9%d8%b1%d8%af%d9%86\" >11. \u067e\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/25-%d9%81%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%aa%d8%b1-%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86%d9%88%da%a9%d8%b3\/#12_%da%a9%d9%85%d8%aa%d8%b1\" >12. \u06a9\u0645\u062a\u0631<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/25-%d9%81%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%aa%d8%b1-%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86%d9%88%da%a9%d8%b3\/#13_compgen\" >13. compgen<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/25-%d9%81%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%aa%d8%b1-%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86%d9%88%da%a9%d8%b3\/#14_%e2%80%9c%3e%e2%80%9d\" >14. &#8220;>&#8221;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/25-%d9%81%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%aa%d8%b1-%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86%d9%88%da%a9%d8%b3\/#15_%da%af%d8%b1%d8%a8%d9%87\" >15. \u06af\u0631\u0628\u0647<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/25-%d9%81%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%aa%d8%b1-%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86%d9%88%da%a9%d8%b3\/#16_%e2%80%9c%e2%80%9d\" >16. &#8220;|&#8221;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/25-%d9%81%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%aa%d8%b1-%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86%d9%88%da%a9%d8%b3\/#17_%d8%b3%d8%b1\" >17. \u0633\u0631<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/25-%d9%81%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%aa%d8%b1-%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86%d9%88%da%a9%d8%b3\/#18_%d8%af%d9%85\" >18. \u062f\u0645<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/25-%d9%81%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%aa%d8%b1-%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86%d9%88%da%a9%d8%b3\/#19_chmod\" >19. chmod<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/25-%d9%81%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%aa%d8%b1-%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86%d9%88%da%a9%d8%b3\/#20_%d8%ae%d8%b1%d9%88%d8%ac\" >20. \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" href=\"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/25-%d9%81%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%aa%d8%b1-%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86%d9%88%da%a9%d8%b3\/#21_%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%ae%da%86%d9%87\" >21. \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u0686\u0647<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-22\" href=\"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/25-%d9%81%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%aa%d8%b1-%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86%d9%88%da%a9%d8%b3\/#22_%d8%b1%d9%88%d8%b4%d9%86\" >22. \u0631\u0648\u0634\u0646<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-23\" href=\"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/25-%d9%81%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%aa%d8%b1-%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86%d9%88%da%a9%d8%b3\/#23_cp\" >23. cp<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-24\" href=\"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/25-%d9%81%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%aa%d8%b1-%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86%d9%88%da%a9%d8%b3\/#24_%da%a9%d8%b4%d8%aa%d9%86\" >24. \u06a9\u0634\u062a\u0646<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-25\" href=\"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/25-%d9%81%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%aa%d8%b1-%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86%d9%88%da%a9%d8%b3\/#25_%d8%ae%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%a8\" >25. \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0628<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-26\" href=\"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/25-%d9%81%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%aa%d8%b1-%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86%d9%88%da%a9%d8%b3\/#%d9%86%d8%aa%db%8c%d8%ac%d9%87\" >\u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<span class=\"span-reading-time rt-reading-time\" style=\"display: block;\"><span class=\"rt-label rt-prefix\">\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0647: <\/span> <span class=\"rt-time\"> 9<\/span> <span class=\"rt-label rt-postfix\">\u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0647<\/span><\/span><p> <br \/>\n<\/p>\n<div id=\"wpbody\">\n<p>\u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0633\u062a \u06cc\u06a9 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0647 \u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u062e\u0637 \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a.  \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u062f\u063a\u0627\u0645 \u0634\u0648\u062f.  \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0622\u0645\u062f\u062a\u0631 \u0648 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u0634\u0648\u062f.  \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u067e\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0639 \u0648 \u062e\u0648\u062f\u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062c\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0645 terminal \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0628\u062a\u062f\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u200b\u200b\u0648 \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u06a9\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 25 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633 \u0622\u0634\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u0645:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>ls<\/li>\n<li>echo<\/li>\n<li>\u062f\u0633\u062a \u0632\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u0647<\/li>\n<li>mkdir<\/li>\n<li>grep<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u0631\u062f<\/li>\n<li>pwd<\/li>\n<li>\u0633\u06cc \u062f\u06cc<\/li>\n<li>mv<\/li>\n<li>rmdir<\/li>\n<li>\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0646<\/li>\n<li>\u06a9\u0645\u062a\u0631<\/li>\n<li>compgen<\/li>\n<li>&#8220;>&#8221;<\/li>\n<li>\u06af\u0631\u0628\u0647<\/li>\n<li>&#8220;|&#8221;<\/li>\n<li>\u0633\u0631<\/li>\n<li>\u062f\u0645<\/li>\n<li>chmod<\/li>\n<li>\u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e<\/li>\n<li>\u0631\u0648\u0634\u0646<\/li>\n<li>cp<\/li>\n<li>\u06a9\u0634\u062a\u0646<\/li>\n<li>\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0628<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u062f \u0647\u0631 \u06a9\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u06cc\u0627\u062f \u0628\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u0645.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_ls\"><\/span>1. ls<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong>&#8216;ls&#8217;<\/strong> \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 CLI \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f.  \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0641\u0639\u0644\u06cc\/\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0631\u0627 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f.  \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u0646 terminal \u0628\u0627 \u0641\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0646 &#8216;<strong>CTRL+ALT+T<\/strong>\u0648 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n<div class=\"codecolorer-container bash default\" style=\"overflow:auto;white-space:nowrap;width:680px;\">\n<div class=\"bash codecolorer\"><span class=\"co4\">$ <\/span><span class=\"kw2\">ls<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" fetchpriority=\"high\" width=\"897\" height=\"363\" class=\"wp-image-80721\" src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 897w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-134-300x121.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-134-768x311.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-134-810x328.png 810w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 897px) 100vw, 897px\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u06cc\u06a9 \u067e\u0648\u0634\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n<div class=\"codecolorer-container bash default\" style=\"overflow:auto;white-space:nowrap;width:680px;\">\n<div class=\"bash codecolorer\"><span class=\"co4\">$ <\/span><span class=\"kw2\">ls<\/span> .<span class=\"sy0\">\/<\/span>\u062f\u0633\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u067e<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u00ab\u062f\u0633\u06a9\u200c\u062a\u0627\u067e\u00bb \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u06cc \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"900\" height=\"262\" class=\"wp-image-80722\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" data-lazy-srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987958_136_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 900w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-135-300x87.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-135-768x224.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-135-810x236.png 810w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987958_136_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" http: alt=\"\" title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"900\" height=\"262\" class=\"wp-image-80722\" src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987958_136_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987958_136_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 900w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-135-300x87.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-135-768x224.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-135-810x236.png 810w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p>\u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0648\u06cc\u0698\u06af\u06cc \u0647\u0627\u06cc <strong>&#8216;ls&#8217;<\/strong> \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc\u062f <strong>&#8216;ls -al&#8217;<\/strong>\u060c \u0648 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0634\u062f print \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0647\u200c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647\u060c \u0647\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u062c\u0648\u0632\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u200c\u0634\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0632 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u0628\u0631\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<div class=\"codecolorer-container bash default\" style=\"overflow:auto;white-space:nowrap;width:680px;\">\n<div class=\"bash codecolorer\"><span class=\"co4\">$ <\/span><span class=\"kw2\">ls<\/span> <span class=\"re5\">-\u0627\u0644<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"900\" height=\"477\" class=\"wp-image-80723\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" data-lazy-srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987958_112_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 900w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-136-300x159.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-136-768x407.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-136-810x429.png 810w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987958_112_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" http: alt=\"\" title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"900\" height=\"477\" class=\"wp-image-80723\" src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987958_112_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987958_112_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 900w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-136-300x159.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-136-768x407.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-136-810x429.png 810w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_echo\"><\/span>2. echo<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 command-line \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637.  \u0631\u0627 <strong>&#8216;echo&#8217;<\/strong> \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f print \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0648 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u067e\u062a \u0648 bash \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0647\u0627 \u0646\u06cc\u0632  \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0647 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u06cc\u0627 \u0647\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062f.  \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0634\u06cc\u062f\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062d\u06cc\u0637\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0645\u0641\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a.  \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0642\u0633\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc\u062f terminal:<\/p>\n<div class=\"codecolorer-container bash default\" style=\"overflow:auto;white-space:nowrap;width:680px;\">\n<div class=\"bash codecolorer\"><span class=\"co4\">$ <\/span><span class=\"kw3\">echo<\/span>  &#8220;\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0646\u06cc\u0627&#8221;<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u0646\u062a\u0627\u06cc\u062c \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u062f\u0627\u062f.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"904\" height=\"215\" class=\"wp-image-80724\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" data-lazy-srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987958_337_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 904w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-137-300x71.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-137-768x183.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-137-810x193.png 810w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 904px) 100vw, 904px\" data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987958_337_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" http: alt=\"\" title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"904\" height=\"215\" class=\"wp-image-80724\" src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987958_337_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987958_337_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 904w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-137-300x71.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-137-768x183.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-137-810x193.png 810w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 904px) 100vw, 904px\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b3_%da%a9%d8%b1%d8%af%d9%86\"><\/span>3. \u0644\u0645\u0633 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>&#8216;<strong>\u062f\u0633\u062a \u0632\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u0647&#8217;<\/strong> \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f \u0647\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.  \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 &#8216;<strong>\u062f\u0633\u062a \u0632\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u0647&#8217;<\/strong> \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627 &#8216;\u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644&#8217; \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0628\u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f \u0648 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062a\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0632\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<div class=\"codecolorer-container bash default\" style=\"overflow:auto;white-space:nowrap;width:680px;\">\n<div class=\"bash codecolorer\"><span class=\"co4\">$ <\/span><span class=\"kw2\">\u062f\u0633\u062a \u0632\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u0647<\/span> \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634\u06cc<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u067e\u0633 \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646\u060c \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0627\u06cc\u067e \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f <strong>&#8216;ls&#8217; <\/strong>\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631 terminal \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u062f \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644<\/p>\n<div class=\"codecolorer-container bash default\" style=\"overflow:auto;white-space:nowrap;width:680px;\">\n<div class=\"bash codecolorer\"><span class=\"co4\">$ <\/span><span class=\"kw2\">ls<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"896\" height=\"190\" class=\"wp-image-80725\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" data-lazy-srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987959_340_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 896w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-138-300x64.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-138-768x163.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-138-810x172.png 810w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 896px) 100vw, 896px\" data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987959_340_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" http: alt=\"\" title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"896\" height=\"190\" class=\"wp-image-80725\" src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987959_340_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987959_340_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 896w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-138-300x64.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-138-768x163.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-138-810x172.png 810w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 896px) 100vw, 896px\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062c\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a.  \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n<div class=\"codecolorer-container bash default\" style=\"overflow:auto;white-space:nowrap;width:680px;\">\n<div class=\"bash codecolorer\"><span class=\"co4\">$ <\/span><span class=\"kw2\">\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648<\/span> \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634\u06cc<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"899\" height=\"192\" class=\"wp-image-80726\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" data-lazy-srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987959_176_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 899w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-139-300x64.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-139-768x164.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-139-810x173.png 810w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 899px) 100vw, 899px\" data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987959_176_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" http: alt=\"\" title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"899\" height=\"192\" class=\"wp-image-80726\" src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987959_176_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987959_176_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 899w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-139-300x64.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-139-768x164.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-139-810x173.png 810w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 899px) 100vw, 899px\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p>\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0648 \u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"891\" height=\"345\" class=\"wp-image-80727\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" data-lazy-srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987959_258_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 891w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-140-300x116.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-140-768x297.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-140-810x314.png 810w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 891px) 100vw, 891px\" data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987959_258_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" http: alt=\"\" title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"891\" height=\"345\" class=\"wp-image-80727\" src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987959_258_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987959_258_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 891w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-140-300x116.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-140-768x297.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-140-810x314.png 810w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 891px) 100vw, 891px\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0628\u0648\u062f \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0627 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0648 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u0646\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u062f.  \u0627\u06cc\u0646 <strong>&#8216;\u062f\u0633\u062a \u0632\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u0647&#8217;<\/strong> \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u0646\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0634\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0644\u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u067e\u0633\u0648\u0646\u062f \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u062f.  \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f python \u0627\u0633\u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u067e\u062a \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0632\u06cc\u0631:<\/p>\n<div class=\"codecolorer-container bash default\" style=\"overflow:auto;white-space:nowrap;width:680px;\">\n<div class=\"bash codecolorer\"><span class=\"co4\">$ <\/span><span class=\"kw2\">\u062f\u0633\u062a \u0632\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u0647<\/span> \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644.py<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062c\u0627\u060c &#8216;.py&#8217; \u067e\u0633\u0648\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a python \u0627\u0633\u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u067e\u062a<\/p>\n<div class=\"codecolorer-container bash default\" style=\"overflow:auto;white-space:nowrap;width:680px;\">\n<div class=\"bash codecolorer\"><span class=\"co4\">$ <\/span><span class=\"kw2\">ls<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"890\" height=\"226\" class=\"wp-image-80728\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" data-lazy-srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987960_665_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 890w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-141-300x76.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-141-768x195.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-141-810x206.png 810w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 890px) 100vw, 890px\" data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987960_665_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" http: alt=\"\" title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"890\" height=\"226\" class=\"wp-image-80728\" src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987960_665_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987960_665_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 890w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-141-300x76.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-141-768x195.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-141-810x206.png 810w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 890px) 100vw, 890px\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_mkdir\"><\/span>4. mkdir<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong>&#8216;mkdir&#8217;<\/strong> \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0622\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f.  \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f \u0686\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0647\u0645\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062b \u0635\u0631\u0641\u0647 \u062c\u0648\u06cc\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0641\u0639\u0644\u06cc \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n<div class=\"codecolorer-container bash default\" style=\"overflow:auto;white-space:nowrap;width:680px;\">\n<div class=\"bash codecolorer\"><span class=\"co4\">$ <\/span><span class=\"kw2\">ls<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"896\" height=\"179\" class=\"wp-image-80729\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" data-lazy-srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987960_889_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 896w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-142-300x60.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-142-768x153.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-142-810x162.png 810w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 896px) 100vw, 896px\" data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987960_889_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" http: alt=\"\" title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"896\" height=\"179\" class=\"wp-image-80729\" src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987960_889_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987960_889_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 896w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-142-300x60.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-142-768x153.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-142-810x162.png 810w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 896px) 100vw, 896px\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u06a9\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0627 \u0646\u0627\u0645 &#8220;newDir&#8221; \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<div class=\"codecolorer-container bash default\" style=\"overflow:auto;white-space:nowrap;width:680px;\">\n<div class=\"bash codecolorer\"><span class=\"co4\">$ <\/span><span class=\"kw2\">mkdir<\/span> \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0628\u0631\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f\u060c \u062f\u0631 \u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u062c\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u060c \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<div class=\"codecolorer-container bash default\" style=\"overflow:auto;white-space:nowrap;width:680px;\">\n<div class=\"bash codecolorer\"><span class=\"co4\">$ <\/span><span class=\"kw2\">\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0648<\/span> <span class=\"kw2\">mkdir<\/span> \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0627\u06cc\u067e \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f <strong>&#8216;ls&#8217;<\/strong> \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u067e\u0648\u0634\u0647 \u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"892\" height=\"216\" class=\"wp-image-80730\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" data-lazy-srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987960_245_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 892w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-143-300x73.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-143-768x186.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-143-810x196.png 810w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 892px) 100vw, 892px\" data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987960_245_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" http: alt=\"\" title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"892\" height=\"216\" class=\"wp-image-80730\" src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987960_245_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987960_245_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 892w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-143-300x73.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-143-768x186.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-143-810x196.png 810w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 892px) 100vw, 892px\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0686\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0647\u0645\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 &#8221; \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u062f<strong>mkdir&#8217;<\/strong> \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/p>\n<div class=\"codecolorer-container bash default\" style=\"overflow:auto;white-space:nowrap;width:680px;\">\n<div class=\"bash codecolorer\"><span class=\"co4\">$ <\/span><span class=\"kw2\">mkdir<\/span> dir1 dir2 dir3<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u06cc\u0627<\/p>\n<div class=\"codecolorer-container bash default\" style=\"overflow:auto;white-space:nowrap;width:680px;\">\n<div class=\"bash codecolorer\"><span class=\"co4\">$ <\/span><span class=\"kw2\">\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0648<\/span> <span class=\"kw2\">mkdir<\/span> dir1 dir2 dir3<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u0627\u06a9\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u067e\u0648\u0634\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f <strong>&#8216;ls&#8217;<\/strong> \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/p>\n<div class=\"codecolorer-container bash default\" style=\"overflow:auto;white-space:nowrap;width:680px;\">\n<div class=\"bash codecolorer\"><span class=\"co4\">$ <\/span><span class=\"kw2\">ls<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f dir1\u060c dir2 \u0648 dir3 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062c\u0627 \u0628\u0628\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"892\" height=\"200\" class=\"wp-image-80731\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" data-lazy-srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987960_362_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 892w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-144-300x67.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-144-768x172.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-144-810x182.png 810w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 892px) 100vw, 892px\" data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987960_362_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" http: alt=\"\" title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"892\" height=\"200\" class=\"wp-image-80731\" src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987960_362_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987960_362_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 892w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-144-300x67.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-144-768x172.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-144-810x182.png 810w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 892px) 100vw, 892px\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_grep\"><\/span>5. grep<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong>&#8220;\u06af\u0631\u067e&#8221;<\/strong> \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u0646\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a <strong>\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0648<\/strong>.  \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0648\u06cc \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u0646\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u062c\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0648 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0637\u0631\u06cc\u0642 \u06a9\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u06cc \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f.  \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u062f.  \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0631 &#8216;testfile&#8217; \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0642\u0628\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u062f<strong> &#8216;\u062f\u0633\u062a \u0632\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u0647&#8217; <\/strong>\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0637\u0631\u06cc\u0642 terminal.<\/p>\n<div class=\"codecolorer-container bash default\" style=\"overflow:auto;white-space:nowrap;width:680px;\">\n<div class=\"bash codecolorer\"><span class=\"co4\">$ <\/span><span class=\"kw2\">\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648<\/span> \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u06cc<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.  \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"895\" height=\"343\" class=\"wp-image-80732\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" data-lazy-srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987961_475_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 895w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-145-300x115.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-145-768x294.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-145-810x310.png 810w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 895px) 100vw, 895px\" data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987961_475_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" http: alt=\"\" title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"895\" height=\"343\" class=\"wp-image-80732\" src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987961_475_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987961_475_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 895w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-145-300x115.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-145-768x294.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-145-810x310.png 810w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 895px) 100vw, 895px\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p>\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 &#8216;testfile&#8217; \u0628\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<div class=\"codecolorer-container text default\" style=\"overflow:auto;white-space:nowrap;width:680px;\">\n<div class=\"text codecolorer\">\u0627\u06cc\u0646 Linuxhint.com \u0627\u0633\u062a<br \/>\n\u0634\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc 25 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633 \u0647\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u062f.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"889\" height=\"341\" class=\"wp-image-80733\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" data-lazy-srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987961_474_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 889w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-146-300x115.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-146-768x295.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-146-810x311.png 810w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 889px) 100vw, 889px\" data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987961_474_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" http: alt=\"\" title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"889\" height=\"341\" class=\"wp-image-80733\" src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987961_474_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987961_474_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 889w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-146-300x115.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-146-768x295.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-146-810x311.png 810w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 889px) 100vw, 889px\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0648\u0634\u062a\u0646 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 CTRL+O \u0631\u0627 \u0641\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"884\" height=\"343\" class=\"wp-image-80734\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" data-lazy-srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987961_157_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 884w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-147-300x116.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-147-768x298.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-147-810x314.png 810w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 884px) 100vw, 884px\" data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987961_157_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" http: alt=\"\" title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"884\" height=\"343\" class=\"wp-image-80734\" src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987961_157_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987961_157_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 884w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-147-300x116.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-147-768x298.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-147-810x314.png 810w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 884px) 100vw, 884px\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0627 \u0641\u0634\u0631\u062f\u0646 CTRL+X \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f.  \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0632 <strong>&#8220;\u06af\u0631\u067e&#8221;<\/strong> \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646  \u0631\u0627 <strong>&#8216;-c-&#8216;<\/strong> \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0686\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u06a9\u0644\u0645\u0647 &#8216;linuxint&#8217; \u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n<div class=\"codecolorer-container bash default\" style=\"overflow:auto;white-space:nowrap;width:680px;\">\n<div class=\"bash codecolorer\"><span class=\"co4\">$ <\/span><span class=\"kw2\">grep<\/span> <span class=\"re5\">-\u062c<\/span> <span class=\"st_h\">&#8216;\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633&#8217;<\/span> \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634\u06cc<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"892\" height=\"179\" class=\"wp-image-80735\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" data-lazy-srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987962_203_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 892w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-148-300x60.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-148-768x154.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-148-810x163.png 810w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 892px) 100vw, 892px\" data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987962_203_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" http: alt=\"\" title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"892\" height=\"179\" class=\"wp-image-80735\" src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987962_203_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987962_203_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 892w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-148-300x60.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-148-768x154.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-148-810x163.png 810w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 892px) 100vw, 892px\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646\u062c\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc &#8216;2&#8217; \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u06a9\u0644\u0645\u0647 &#8216;Linux&#8217; \u062f\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0631 &#8216;testfile&#8217; \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u06a9\u0645\u0647\u060c \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 <strong>&#8220;\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648&#8221;<\/strong> \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/p>\n<div class=\"codecolorer-container bash default\" style=\"overflow:auto;white-space:nowrap;width:680px;\">\n<div class=\"bash codecolorer\"><span class=\"co4\">$ <\/span><span class=\"kw2\">\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648<\/span> \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634\u06cc<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0647\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0686\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06a9\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f <strong>&#8220;\u06af\u0631\u067e&#8221;<\/strong> \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/p>\n<div class=\"codecolorer-container text default\" style=\"overflow:auto;white-space:nowrap;width:680px;\">\n<div class=\"text codecolorer\">\u0627\u06cc\u0646 Linuxhint.com \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/p>\n<p>\u0634\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc 25 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633 \u0647\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u0627\u06a9\u0646\u0648\u0646\u060c CTRL+O \u0631\u0627 \u0641\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0648\u0632 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"888\" height=\"337\" class=\"wp-image-80736\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" data-lazy-srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987962_258_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 888w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-149-300x114.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-149-768x291.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-149-810x307.png 810w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 888px) 100vw, 888px\" data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987962_258_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" http: alt=\"\" title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"888\" height=\"337\" class=\"wp-image-80736\" src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987962_258_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987962_258_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 888w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-149-300x114.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-149-768x291.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-149-810x307.png 810w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 888px) 100vw, 888px\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0627 \u0641\u0634\u0631\u062f\u0646 CTRL+X \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f \u0648 \u0627\u06a9\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0622\u06cc\u0627 \u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u06cc\u0627 \u062e\u06cc\u0631.<\/p>\n<div class=\"codecolorer-container bash default\" style=\"overflow:auto;white-space:nowrap;width:680px;\">\n<div class=\"bash codecolorer\"><span class=\"co4\">$ <\/span><span class=\"kw2\">grep<\/span> <span class=\"re5\">-\u062c<\/span> <span class=\"st_h\">&#8216;\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633&#8217;<\/span> \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634\u06cc<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"892\" height=\"183\" class=\"wp-image-80737\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" data-lazy-srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987962_19_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 892w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-150-300x62.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-150-768x158.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-150-810x166.png 810w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 892px) 100vw, 892px\" data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987962_19_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" http: alt=\"\" title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"892\" height=\"183\" class=\"wp-image-80737\" src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987962_19_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987962_19_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 892w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-150-300x62.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-150-768x158.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-150-810x166.png 810w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 892px) 100vw, 892px\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p>\u067e\u0631\u0686\u0645 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627 &#8216; \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0631\u062f<strong>grep&#8217;<\/strong> \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u060c \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c <strong>&#8216;-\u0645\u0646&#8217;<\/strong> \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u062c\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0648 \u0631\u0627 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f  \u0647\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f <strong>&#8220;\u06af\u0631\u067e&#8221;<\/strong> \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0648\u0634 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"6_%d9%85%d8%b1%d8%af\"><\/span>6. \u0645\u0631\u062f<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>&#8216;<strong>\u0645\u0631\u062f<\/strong>\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 &#8216; \u0631\u0627\u0647\u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06a9\u0631\u062f \u0647\u0631 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f.  \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0686\u0647<strong>echo&#8217;<\/strong> \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f\u060c \u0633\u067e\u0633 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f <strong>&#8216;\u0645\u0631\u062f&#8217;<\/strong> \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06a9\u0631\u062f \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<div class=\"codecolorer-container bash default\" style=\"overflow:auto;white-space:nowrap;width:680px;\">\n<div class=\"bash codecolorer\"><span class=\"co4\">$ <\/span><span class=\"kw2\">\u0645\u0631\u062f<\/span> <span class=\"kw3\">echo<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"893\" height=\"165\" class=\"wp-image-80738\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" data-lazy-srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987962_266_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 893w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-151-300x55.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-151-768x142.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-151-810x150.png 810w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 893px) 100vw, 893px\" data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987962_266_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" http: alt=\"\" title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"893\" height=\"165\" class=\"wp-image-80738\" src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987962_266_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987962_266_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 893w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-151-300x55.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-151-768x142.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-151-810x150.png 810w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 893px) 100vw, 893px\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"890\" height=\"519\" class=\"wp-image-80739\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" data-lazy-srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987963_160_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 890w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-152-300x175.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-152-768x448.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-152-810x472.png 810w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 890px) 100vw, 890px\" data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987963_160_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" http: alt=\"\" title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"890\" height=\"519\" class=\"wp-image-80739\" src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987963_160_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987963_160_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 890w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-152-300x175.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-152-768x448.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-152-810x472.png 810w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 890px) 100vw, 890px\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u060c \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f <strong>&#8216;\u0645\u0631\u062f&#8217;<\/strong> \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc &#8216;<strong>grep&#8217;<\/strong> \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646.<\/p>\n<div class=\"codecolorer-container bash default\" style=\"overflow:auto;white-space:nowrap;width:680px;\">\n<div class=\"bash codecolorer\"><span class=\"co4\">$ <\/span><span class=\"kw2\">\u0645\u0631\u062f<\/span> <span class=\"kw2\">grep<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"885\" height=\"164\" class=\"wp-image-80740\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" data-lazy-srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987963_271_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 885w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-153-300x56.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-153-768x142.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-153-810x150.png 810w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 885px) 100vw, 885px\" data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987963_271_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" http: alt=\"\" title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"885\" height=\"164\" class=\"wp-image-80740\" src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987963_271_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987963_271_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 885w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-153-300x56.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-153-768x142.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-153-810x150.png 810w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 885px) 100vw, 885px\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u06a9\u0646\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u06af\u0632\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0628\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u062f.  \u067e\u0631\u0686\u0645 \u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0633\u0627\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0647 <strong>&#8220;\u06af\u0631\u067e&#8221;.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"886\" height=\"524\" class=\"wp-image-80741\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" data-lazy-srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987963_460_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 886w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-154-300x177.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-154-768x454.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-154-810x479.png 810w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 886px) 100vw, 886px\" data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987963_460_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" http: alt=\"\" title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"886\" height=\"524\" class=\"wp-image-80741\" src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987963_460_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987963_460_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 886w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-154-300x177.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-154-768x454.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-154-810x479.png 810w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 886px) 100vw, 886px\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"7_pwd\"><\/span>7. pwd<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong>&#8216;pwd&#8217; <\/strong>\u0645\u062e\u0641\u0641 <strong>print  \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631<\/strong>.  \u0639\u0627\u062f\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f print \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0641\u0639\u0644\u06cc  \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0686\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u062f \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f <strong>&#8216;pwd&#8217;<\/strong> \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/p>\n<div class=\"codecolorer-container bash default\" style=\"overflow:auto;white-space:nowrap;width:680px;\">\n<div class=\"bash codecolorer\"><span class=\"co4\">$ <\/span><span class=\"kw3\">pwd<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062c\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0641\u0639\u0644\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"893\" height=\"189\" class=\"wp-image-80742\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" data-lazy-srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987964_6_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 893w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-155-300x63.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-155-768x163.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-155-810x171.png 810w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 893px) 100vw, 893px\" data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987964_6_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" http: alt=\"\" title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"893\" height=\"189\" class=\"wp-image-80742\" src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987964_6_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987964_6_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 893w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-155-300x63.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-155-768x163.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-155-810x171.png 810w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 893px) 100vw, 893px\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc Desktop \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0646 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a\u060c \u0627\u06cc\u0646 <strong>&#8216;pwd&#8217;<\/strong> \u0627\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0647 print \u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0647\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0633\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u067e.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"8_%d8%b3%db%8c_%d8%af%db%8c\"><\/span>8. \u0633\u06cc \u062f\u06cc<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong>&#8216;cd&#8217; <\/strong>\u0645\u062e\u0641\u0641<strong> \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f<\/strong> \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0641\u0639\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u067e\u0648\u0634\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u062f.  \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062f\u0633\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u067e \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0641\u0639\u0644\u06cc \u06cc\u0627 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u06cc \u062f\u0631\u0622\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc\u062f terminal:<\/p>\n<div class=\"codecolorer-container bash default\" style=\"overflow:auto;white-space:nowrap;width:680px;\">\n<div class=\"bash codecolorer\"><span class=\"co4\">$ <\/span><span class=\"kw3\">\u0633\u06cc \u062f\u06cc<\/span> .<span class=\"sy0\">\/<\/span>\u062f\u0633\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u067e<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"893\" height=\"182\" class=\"wp-image-80743\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" data-lazy-srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987964_218_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 893w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-156-300x61.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-156-768x157.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-156-810x165.png 810w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 893px) 100vw, 893px\" data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987964_218_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" http: alt=\"\" title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"893\" height=\"182\" class=\"wp-image-80743\" src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987964_218_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987964_218_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 893w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-156-300x61.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-156-768x157.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-156-810x165.png 810w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 893px) 100vw, 893px\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0641\u0639\u0644\u06cc\u060c \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n<div class=\"codecolorer-container bash default\" style=\"overflow:auto;white-space:nowrap;width:680px;\">\n<div class=\"bash codecolorer\"><span class=\"co4\">$ <\/span><span class=\"kw3\">pwd<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"891\" height=\"209\" class=\"wp-image-80744\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" data-lazy-srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987964_153_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 891w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-157-300x70.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-157-768x180.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-157-810x190.png 810w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 891px) 100vw, 891px\" data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987964_153_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" http: alt=\"\" title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"891\" height=\"209\" class=\"wp-image-80744\" src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987964_153_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987964_153_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 891w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-157-300x70.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-157-768x180.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-157-810x190.png 810w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 891px) 100vw, 891px\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0632\u06af\u0634\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u060c \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0627\u06cc\u067e \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n<div class=\"codecolorer-container bash default\" style=\"overflow:auto;white-space:nowrap;width:680px;\">\n<div class=\"bash codecolorer\"><span class=\"co4\">$ <\/span><span class=\"kw3\">\u0633\u06cc \u062f\u06cc<\/span> ~<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"890\" height=\"165\" class=\"wp-image-80745\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" data-lazy-srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987964_233_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 890w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-158-300x56.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-158-768x142.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-158-810x150.png 810w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 890px) 100vw, 890px\" data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987964_233_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" http: alt=\"\" title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"890\" height=\"165\" class=\"wp-image-80745\" src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987964_233_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987964_233_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 890w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-158-300x56.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-158-768x142.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-158-810x150.png 810w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 890px) 100vw, 890px\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062c\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"895\" height=\"174\" class=\"wp-image-80746\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" data-lazy-srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987965_574_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 895w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-159-300x58.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-159-768x149.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-159-810x157.png 810w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 895px) 100vw, 895px\" data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987965_574_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" http: alt=\"\" title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"895\" height=\"174\" class=\"wp-image-80746\" src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987965_574_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987965_574_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 895w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-159-300x58.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-159-768x149.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-159-810x157.png 810w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 895px) 100vw, 895px\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"9_mv\"><\/span>9. mv<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong>&#8216;mv&#8217;<\/strong> \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0648 \u062c\u0627\u0628\u062c\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f.  \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u200c\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a process\u060c \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0646 <strong>&#8216;mv&#8217;<\/strong> \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062c\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f.  \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u060c &#8216;testfile&#8217; \u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0645.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"896\" height=\"208\" class=\"wp-image-80747\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" data-lazy-srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987965_953_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 896w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-160-300x70.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-160-768x178.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-160-810x188.png 810w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 896px) 100vw, 896px\" data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987965_953_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" http: alt=\"\" title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"896\" height=\"208\" class=\"wp-image-80747\" src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987965_953_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987965_953_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 896w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-160-300x70.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-160-768x178.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-160-810x188.png 810w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 896px) 100vw, 896px\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0627\u0632 <strong>&#8216;mv&#8217;<\/strong> \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u06cc \u0632\u06cc\u0631<\/p>\n<div class=\"codecolorer-container bash default\" style=\"overflow:auto;white-space:nowrap;width:680px;\">\n<div class=\"bash codecolorer\"><span class=\"co4\">$ <\/span><span class=\"kw2\">mv<\/span> testfile trialfile<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"873\" height=\"211\" class=\"wp-image-80748\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" data-lazy-srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987965_740_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 873w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-161-300x73.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-161-768x186.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-161-810x196.png 810w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 873px) 100vw, 873px\" data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987965_740_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" http: alt=\"\" title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"873\" height=\"211\" class=\"wp-image-80748\" src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987965_740_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987965_740_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 873w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-161-300x73.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-161-768x186.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-161-810x196.png 810w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 873px) 100vw, 873px\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p>\u0648 \u0633\u067e\u0633 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<div class=\"codecolorer-container bash default\" style=\"overflow:auto;white-space:nowrap;width:680px;\">\n<div class=\"bash codecolorer\"><span class=\"co4\">$ <\/span><span class=\"kw2\">ls<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"888\" height=\"180\" class=\"wp-image-80749\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" data-lazy-srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987966_91_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 888w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-162-300x61.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-162-768x156.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-162-810x164.png 810w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 888px) 100vw, 888px\" data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987966_91_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" http: alt=\"\" title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"888\" height=\"180\" class=\"wp-image-80749\" src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987966_91_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987966_91_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 888w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-162-300x61.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-162-768x156.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-162-810x164.png 810w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 888px) 100vw, 888px\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f <strong>&#8216;mv&#8217;<\/strong> \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646  \u0641\u0631\u0636 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u00ab\u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634\u06cc\u00bb \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0633\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u067e \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.  \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0646 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0642\u0633\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc\u062f terminal:<\/p>\n<div class=\"codecolorer-container bash default\" style=\"overflow:auto;white-space:nowrap;width:680px;\">\n<div class=\"bash codecolorer\"><span class=\"co4\">$ <\/span><span class=\"kw2\">mv<\/span> \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634\u06cc .<span class=\"sy0\">\/<\/span>\u062f\u0633\u06a9\u062a\u0627\u067e<span class=\"sy0\">\/<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1058\" height=\"450\" class=\"wp-image-80750\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" data-lazy-srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987966_594_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 1058w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-163-300x128.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-163-1024x436.png 1024w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-163-768x327.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-163-810x345.png 810w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 1058px) 100vw, 1058px\" data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987966_594_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" http: alt=\"\" title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1058\" height=\"450\" class=\"wp-image-80750\" src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987966_594_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987966_594_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 1058w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-163-300x128.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-163-1024x436.png 1024w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-163-768x327.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-163-810x345.png 810w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1058px) 100vw, 1058px\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"10_rmdir\"><\/span>10. rmdir<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f.  &#8216;<strong>rmdir&#8217;<\/strong> \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0631\u0641\u0647 \u062c\u0648\u06cc\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0636\u0627 \u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u067e\u06cc\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0648 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0647\u06cc \u0648 \u067e\u0627\u06a9\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0647\u0627.  \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0648 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u06a9\u0631\u062f <strong>&#8216;rm&#8217;<\/strong> \u0648 <strong>&#8220;rmdir&#8221;<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u06a9\u0646\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u062f \u0633\u0639\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u062e\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645.  \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0647 1 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0641\u0639\u0644\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<div class=\"codecolorer-container bash default\" style=\"overflow:auto;white-space:nowrap;width:680px;\">\n<div class=\"bash codecolorer\"><span class=\"co4\">$ <\/span><span class=\"kw2\">ls<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"884\" height=\"220\" class=\"wp-image-80751\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" data-lazy-srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987966_258_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 884w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-164-300x75.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-164-768x191.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-164-810x202.png 810w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 884px) 100vw, 884px\" data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987966_258_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" http: alt=\"\" title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"884\" height=\"220\" class=\"wp-image-80751\" src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987966_258_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987966_258_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 884w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-164-300x75.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-164-768x191.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-164-810x202.png 810w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 884px) 100vw, 884px\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u06a9\u0646\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc &#8220;newDir&#8221; \u0631\u0627 \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645.<\/p>\n<div class=\"codecolorer-container bash default\" style=\"overflow:auto;white-space:nowrap;width:680px;\">\n<div class=\"bash codecolorer\"><span class=\"co4\">$ <\/span><span class=\"kw2\">rmdir<\/span> \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0632 <strong>&#8216;ls&#8217;<\/strong> \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0628\u0628\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06cc\u0627 \u062e\u06cc\u0631.<\/p>\n<div class=\"codecolorer-container bash default\" style=\"overflow:auto;white-space:nowrap;width:680px;\">\n<div class=\"bash codecolorer\"><span class=\"co4\">$ <\/span><span class=\"kw2\">ls<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"882\" height=\"211\" class=\"wp-image-80752\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" data-lazy-srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987967_347_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 882w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-165-300x72.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-165-768x184.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-165-810x194.png 810w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 882px) 100vw, 882px\" data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987967_347_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" http: alt=\"\" title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"882\" height=\"211\" class=\"wp-image-80752\" src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987967_347_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987967_347_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 882w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-165-300x72.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-165-768x184.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-165-810x194.png 810w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 882px) 100vw, 882px\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u06a9\u0646\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0635\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0645 \u0686\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0647\u0645\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645.<\/p>\n<div class=\"codecolorer-container bash default\" style=\"overflow:auto;white-space:nowrap;width:680px;\">\n<div class=\"bash codecolorer\"><span class=\"co4\">$ <\/span><span class=\"kw2\">rmdir<\/span> dir1 dir2 <span class=\"kw2\">\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06af\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0646<\/span> <span class=\"nu0\">3<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"881\" height=\"195\" class=\"wp-image-80753\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" data-lazy-srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987967_36_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 881w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-166-300x66.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-166-768x170.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-166-810x179.png 810w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 881px) 100vw, 881px\" data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987967_36_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" http: alt=\"\" title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"881\" height=\"195\" class=\"wp-image-80753\" src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987967_36_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987967_36_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 881w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-166-300x66.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-166-768x170.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-166-810x179.png 810w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 881px) 100vw, 881px\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0632 <strong>&#8216;ls&#8217;<\/strong> \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/p>\n<div class=\"codecolorer-container bash default\" style=\"overflow:auto;white-space:nowrap;width:680px;\">\n<div class=\"bash codecolorer\"><span class=\"co4\">$ <\/span><span class=\"kw2\">ls<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"886\" height=\"198\" class=\"wp-image-80754\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" data-lazy-srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987967_409_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 886w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-167-300x67.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-167-768x172.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-167-810x181.png 810w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 886px) 100vw, 886px\" data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987967_409_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" http: alt=\"\" title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"886\" height=\"198\" class=\"wp-image-80754\" src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987967_409_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987967_409_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 886w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-167-300x67.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-167-768x172.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-167-810x181.png 810w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 886px) 100vw, 886px\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u0647\u0645\u0647 \u0622\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"11_%d9%be%db%8c%d8%af%d8%a7_%da%a9%d8%b1%d8%af%d9%86\"><\/span>11. \u067e\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong>&#8220;\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u06cc\u0627\u0628\u06cc&#8221;<\/strong> \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u06cc\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f.  \u0627\u0632 \u0637\u0631\u06cc\u0642 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u06cc\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u067e\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u06a9\u0631\u062f.  \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 wild-cards \u062c\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0648 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0628\u0627 \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0622\u0646\u060c \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a &#8216; \u062a\u0627\u06cc\u067e \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<strong>\u067e\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646<\/strong> \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/p>\n<div class=\"codecolorer-container bash default\" style=\"overflow:auto;white-space:nowrap;width:680px;\">\n<div class=\"bash codecolorer\"><span class=\"co4\">$ <\/span><span class=\"kw2\">\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0646<\/span> \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634\u06cc<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642 \u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u06cc\u0627\u0628\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"881\" height=\"188\" class=\"wp-image-80755\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" data-lazy-srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987968_959_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 881w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-168-300x64.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-168-768x164.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-168-810x173.png 810w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 881px) 100vw, 881px\" data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987968_959_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" http: alt=\"\" title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"881\" height=\"188\" class=\"wp-image-80755\" src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987968_959_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987968_959_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 881w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-168-300x64.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-168-768x164.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-168-810x173.png 810w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 881px) 100vw, 881px\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0637\u0645\u0626\u0646\u0627 \u06af\u0632\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631\u06cc \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f <strong>&#8220;\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u06cc\u0627\u0628\u06cc&#8221;<\/strong> \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644.  \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646 \u0628\u0627 \u0647\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0622\u0634\u0646\u0627 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u062f \u0634\u062f <strong>&#8216;\u0645\u0631\u062f&#8217; <\/strong>\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"12_%da%a9%d9%85%d8%aa%d8%b1\"><\/span>12. \u06a9\u0645\u062a\u0631<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong>&#8220;\u06a9\u0645\u062a\u0631&#8221; <\/strong>\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0634\u06af\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f.  \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u067e\u0646\u062c\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0632 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0648\u0634\u062a\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u063a\u06cc\u0631\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062f.  \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc\u062f <strong>&#8220;\u06a9\u0645\u062a\u0631&#8221;<\/strong> \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<div class=\"codecolorer-container bash default\" style=\"overflow:auto;white-space:nowrap;width:680px;\">\n<div class=\"bash codecolorer\"><span class=\"co4\">$ <\/span><span class=\"kw2\">\u06a9\u0645\u062a\u0631<\/span> \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634\u06cc<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"882\" height=\"166\" class=\"wp-image-80756\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" data-lazy-srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987968_458_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 882w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-169-300x56.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-169-768x145.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-169-810x152.png 810w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 882px) 100vw, 882px\" data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987968_458_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" http: alt=\"\" title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"882\" height=\"166\" class=\"wp-image-80756\" src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987968_458_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987968_458_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 882w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-169-300x56.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-169-768x145.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-169-810x152.png 810w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 882px) 100vw, 882px\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p>\u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"886\" height=\"224\" class=\"wp-image-80757\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" data-lazy-srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987968_811_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 886w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-170-300x76.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-170-768x194.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-170-810x205.png 810w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 886px) 100vw, 886px\" data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987968_811_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" http: alt=\"\" title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"886\" height=\"224\" class=\"wp-image-80757\" src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987968_811_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987968_811_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 886w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-170-300x76.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-170-768x194.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-170-810x205.png 810w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 886px) 100vw, 886px\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"13_compgen\"><\/span>13. compgen<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong>&#8220;\u06a9\u0627\u0645\u067e\u06af\u0646&#8221;<\/strong> command \u06cc\u06a9 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0622\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u062e\u0637 \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646  \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n<div class=\"codecolorer-container bash default\" style=\"overflow:auto;white-space:nowrap;width:680px;\">\n<div class=\"bash codecolorer\"><span class=\"co4\">$ <\/span><span class=\"kw3\">compgen<\/span> <span class=\"re5\">-\u062c<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"740\" height=\"456\" class=\"wp-image-80758\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" data-lazy-srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987968_890_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 740w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-171-300x185.png 300w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 740px) 100vw, 740px\" data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987968_890_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" http: alt=\"\" title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"740\" height=\"456\" class=\"wp-image-80758\" src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987968_890_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987968_890_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 740w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-171-300x185.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 740px) 100vw, 740px\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062c\u0627\u060c \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u0637\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f terminal.<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u060c \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f print \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0648 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"14_%e2%80%9c%3e%e2%80%9d\"><\/span>14. &#8220;>&#8221;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u06cc\u062a <strong>&#8216;>&#8217;<\/strong> \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u067e\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0686\u0627\u067e \u0648 \u0647\u062f\u0627\u06cc\u062a \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f.  \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0642\u0628\u0644\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0642\u0633\u0645\u062a \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f terminal \u067e\u0646\u062c\u0631\u0647 \u0648 \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f.  \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0645\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u062f \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0642\u0628\u0644\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n<div class=\"codecolorer-container bash default\" style=\"overflow:auto;white-space:nowrap;width:680px;\">\n<div class=\"bash codecolorer\"><span class=\"co4\">$ <\/span><span class=\"sy0\">><\/span> newfile.txt<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u0648 \u0633\u067e\u0633 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<div class=\"codecolorer-container bash default\" style=\"overflow:auto;white-space:nowrap;width:680px;\">\n<div class=\"bash codecolorer\"><span class=\"co4\">$ <\/span><span class=\"kw2\">ls<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"731\" height=\"189\" class=\"wp-image-80759\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" data-lazy-srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987969_949_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 731w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-172-300x78.png 300w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 731px) 100vw, 731px\" data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987969_949_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" http: alt=\"\" title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"731\" height=\"189\" class=\"wp-image-80759\" src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987969_949_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987969_949_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 731w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-172-300x78.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 731px) 100vw, 731px\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u062e\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"909\" height=\"251\" class=\"wp-image-80760\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" data-lazy-srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987969_276_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 909w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-173-300x83.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-173-768x212.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-173-810x224.png 810w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 909px) 100vw, 909px\" data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987969_276_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" http: alt=\"\" title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"909\" height=\"251\" class=\"wp-image-80760\" src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987969_276_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987969_276_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 909w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-173-300x83.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-173-768x212.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-173-810x224.png 810w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 909px) 100vw, 909px\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 <strong>&#8220;\u06a9\u0627\u0645\u067e\u06af\u0646&#8221;<\/strong> \u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647 \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644.<\/p>\n<div class=\"codecolorer-container bash default\" style=\"overflow:auto;white-space:nowrap;width:680px;\">\n<div class=\"bash codecolorer\"><span class=\"co4\">$ <\/span><span class=\"kw3\">compgen<\/span> <span class=\"re5\">-\u062c<\/span> <span class=\"sy0\">><\/span> newfile.txt<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"735\" height=\"108\" class=\"wp-image-80761\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" data-lazy-srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987969_809_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 735w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-174-300x44.png 300w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 735px) 100vw, 735px\" data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987969_809_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" http: alt=\"\" title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"735\" height=\"108\" class=\"wp-image-80761\" src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987969_809_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987969_809_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 735w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-174-300x44.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 735px) 100vw, 735px\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647 \u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a <strong>&#8220;\u06a9\u0627\u0645\u067e\u06af\u0646&#8221;<\/strong> \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"905\" height=\"565\" class=\"wp-image-80762\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" data-lazy-srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987970_209_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 905w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-175-300x187.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-175-768x479.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-175-810x506.png 810w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 905px) 100vw, 905px\" data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987970_209_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" http: alt=\"\" title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"905\" height=\"565\" class=\"wp-image-80762\" src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987970_209_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987970_209_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 905w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-175-300x187.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-175-768x479.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-175-810x506.png 810w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 905px) 100vw, 905px\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"15_%da%af%d8%b1%d8%a8%d9%87\"><\/span>15. \u06af\u0631\u0628\u0647<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong>&#8216;\u06af\u0631\u0628\u0647&#8217; <\/strong>\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u06af\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc \u06af\u06cc\u0631\u062f \u0648 \u0633\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06a9\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627\u06cc \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u0631\u06a9\u06cc\u0628 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0647\u0627<\/li>\n<li>\u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0632 \u0647\u0645\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0635\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627\u06cc &#8220;\u067e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634\u06cc&#8221; \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u0645.<\/p>\n<div class=\"codecolorer-container bash default\" style=\"overflow:auto;white-space:nowrap;width:680px;\">\n<div class=\"bash codecolorer\"><span class=\"co4\">$ <\/span><span class=\"kw2\">\u06af\u0631\u0628\u0647<\/span> \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634\u06cc<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"744\" height=\"306\" class=\"wp-image-80763\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" data-lazy-srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987970_676_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 744w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-176-300x123.png 300w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 744px) 100vw, 744px\" data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987970_676_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" http: alt=\"\" title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"744\" height=\"306\" class=\"wp-image-80763\" src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987970_676_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987970_676_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 744w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-176-300x123.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 744px) 100vw, 744px\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"16_%e2%80%9c%e2%80%9d\"><\/span>16. &#8220;|&#8221;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0648\u0644\u0647 <strong>&#8220;|&#8221;<\/strong> \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u06af\u06cc\u0631\u062f \u0648 \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f.  \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627:<\/p>\n<div class=\"codecolorer-container bash default\" style=\"overflow:auto;white-space:nowrap;width:680px;\">\n<div class=\"bash codecolorer\"><span class=\"co4\">$ <\/span><span class=\"kw2\">\u06af\u0631\u0628\u0647<\/span> \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634\u06cc <span class=\"sy0\">|<\/span> <span class=\"kw2\">\u06a9\u0645\u062a\u0631<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0634\u062f.  \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 <strong>&#8220;\u06a9\u0645\u062a\u0631&#8221;<\/strong> \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u0622\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"739\" height=\"133\" class=\"wp-image-80764\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" data-lazy-srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987970_469_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 739w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-177-300x54.png 300w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 739px) 100vw, 739px\" data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987970_469_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" http: alt=\"\" title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"739\" height=\"133\" class=\"wp-image-80764\" src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987970_469_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987970_469_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 739w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-177-300x54.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 739px) 100vw, 739px\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"738\" height=\"254\" class=\"wp-image-80765\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" data-lazy-srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987970_381_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 738w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-178-300x103.png 300w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 738px) 100vw, 738px\" data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987970_381_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" http: alt=\"\" title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"738\" height=\"254\" class=\"wp-image-80765\" src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987970_381_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987970_381_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 738w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-178-300x103.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 738px) 100vw, 738px\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"17_%d8%b3%d8%b1\"><\/span>17. \u0633\u0631<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong>&#8216;\u0633\u0631&#8217;<\/strong> \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f.  10 \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f.  \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631 \u0648 \u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0639 \u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0633\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0634\u06cc \u06a9\u0631\u062f.  \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 10 \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 &#8220;newfile.txt&#8221; \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f.<\/p>\n<div class=\"codecolorer-container bash default\" style=\"overflow:auto;white-space:nowrap;width:680px;\">\n<div class=\"bash codecolorer\"><span class=\"co4\">$ <\/span><span class=\"kw2\">\u0633\u0631<\/span> newfile.txt<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0632<strong> &#8216;\u0633\u0631&#8217;<\/strong> \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u062a \u062f\u0647 \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0686\u06cc\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"747\" height=\"303\" class=\"wp-image-80766\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" data-lazy-srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987971_126_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 747w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-179-300x122.png 300w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 747px) 100vw, 747px\" data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987971_126_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" http: alt=\"\" title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"747\" height=\"303\" class=\"wp-image-80766\" src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987971_126_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987971_126_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 747w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-179-300x122.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 747px) 100vw, 747px\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"18_%d8%af%d9%85\"><\/span>18. \u062f\u0645<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong>&#8216;\u062f\u0645&#8217;<\/strong> \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f.  \u062f\u0647 \u062e\u0637 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631 \u0633\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0634\u06cc \u06a9\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n<div class=\"codecolorer-container bash default\" style=\"overflow:auto;white-space:nowrap;width:680px;\">\n<div class=\"bash codecolorer\"><span class=\"co4\">$ <\/span><span class=\"kw2\">\u062f\u0645<\/span> newfile.txt<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0634\u062f print \u062f\u0647 \u0633\u0637\u0631 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 &#8216;newfile&#8217;.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"740\" height=\"316\" class=\"wp-image-80767\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" data-lazy-srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987971_553_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 740w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-180-300x128.png 300w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 740px) 100vw, 740px\" data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987971_553_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" http: alt=\"\" title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"740\" height=\"316\" class=\"wp-image-80767\" src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987971_553_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987971_553_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 740w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-180-300x128.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 740px) 100vw, 740px\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"19_chmod\"><\/span>19. chmod<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong>&#8220;chmod&#8221;<\/strong> \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u06cc\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u06cc\u0645 \u0645\u062c\u0648\u0632 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u06cc\u0627 \u06cc\u06a9 \u067e\u0648\u0634\u0647.  \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0634\u0646\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u0645\u062c\u0648\u0632\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0637\u0631\u06cc\u0642 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0622\u0631\u06af\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0639 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>W \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062c\u0648\u0632\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0648\u0634\u062a\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f<\/li>\n<li>R \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062c\u0648\u0632\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f<\/li>\n<li>X \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f<\/li>\n<li>&#8220;+&#8221; \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f<\/li>\n<li>&#8220;-&#8221; \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u0645\u062c\u0648\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u067e\u0648\u0634\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u062c\u0648\u0632\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0642\u0633\u0645\u062a \u062a\u0627\u06cc\u067e \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f terminal:<\/p>\n<div class=\"codecolorer-container bash default\" style=\"overflow:auto;white-space:nowrap;width:680px;\">\n<div class=\"bash codecolorer\"><span class=\"co4\">$ <\/span><span class=\"kw2\">ls<\/span> <span class=\"re5\">-\u0627\u0644<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"742\" height=\"529\" class=\"wp-image-80768\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" data-lazy-srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987971_178_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 742w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-181-300x214.png 300w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 742px) 100vw, 742px\" data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987971_178_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" http: alt=\"\" title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"742\" height=\"529\" class=\"wp-image-80768\" src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987971_178_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987971_178_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 742w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-181-300x214.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 742px) 100vw, 742px\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062c\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0628\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0642\u0633\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0631\u062c\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u062c\u0648\u0632\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f.  \u0628\u062e\u0634 \u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0648\u0632\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u06a9\u060c \u0628\u062e\u0634 \u062f\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u062c\u0648\u0632\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647 \u0648 \u0628\u062e\u0634 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u062c\u0648\u0632\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a.  \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u062c\u0648\u0632\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u062e\u0634 \u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f.  \u0627\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u062c\u0648\u0632\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 &#8216;newfile.txt&#8217; \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u0645.<\/p>\n<div class=\"codecolorer-container bash default\" style=\"overflow:auto;white-space:nowrap;width:680px;\">\n<div class=\"bash codecolorer\"><span class=\"co4\">$ <\/span><span class=\"kw2\">chmod<\/span> <span class=\"re5\">-w<\/span> newfile.txt<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0648\u0632\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0648\u0634\u062a\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062e\u0634 \u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0627\u06cc\u067e \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f <strong>&#8216;ls -al&#8217;<\/strong> \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u062f \u0622\u0646<\/p>\n<div class=\"codecolorer-container bash default\" style=\"overflow:auto;white-space:nowrap;width:680px;\">\n<div class=\"bash codecolorer\"><span class=\"co4\">$ <\/span><span class=\"kw2\">ls<\/span> <span class=\"re5\">-\u0627\u0644<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"731\" height=\"508\" class=\"wp-image-80769\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" data-lazy-srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987972_767_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 731w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-182-300x208.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-182-145x100.png 145w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 731px) 100vw, 731px\" data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987972_767_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" http: alt=\"\" title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"731\" height=\"508\" class=\"wp-image-80769\" src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987972_767_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987972_767_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 731w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-182-300x208.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-182-145x100.png 145w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 731px) 100vw, 731px\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0648 \u0633\u0639\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0648 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0631\u0627 \u0630\u062e\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.  \u0642\u0637\u0639\u0627 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062c\u0639\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u06cc \u0647\u0634\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"856\" height=\"407\" class=\"wp-image-80770\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" data-lazy-srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987972_37_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 856w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-183-300x143.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-183-768x365.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-183-810x385.png 810w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 856px) 100vw, 856px\" data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987972_37_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" http: alt=\"\" title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"856\" height=\"407\" class=\"wp-image-80770\" src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987972_37_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987972_37_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 856w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-183-300x143.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-183-768x365.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-183-810x385.png 810w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 856px) 100vw, 856px\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"20_%d8%ae%d8%b1%d9%88%d8%ac\"><\/span>20. \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f terminal \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 GUI  \u0631\u0627 terminal \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 <strong>&#8216;\u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c&#8217;<\/strong> \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/p>\n<div class=\"codecolorer-container bash default\" style=\"overflow:auto;white-space:nowrap;width:680px;\">\n<div class=\"bash codecolorer\"><span class=\"co4\">$ <\/span><span class=\"kw3\">\u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"738\" height=\"243\" class=\"wp-image-80771\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" data-lazy-srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987972_913_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 738w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-184-300x99.png 300w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 738px) 100vw, 738px\" data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987972_913_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" http: alt=\"\" title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"738\" height=\"243\" class=\"wp-image-80771\" src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987972_913_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987972_913_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 738w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-184-300x99.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 738px) 100vw, 738px\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062a\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0641\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u0648 \u0627\u06a9\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0628\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0647\u06cc\u0686 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f terminal.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"996\" height=\"439\" class=\"wp-image-80772\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" data-lazy-srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987973_481_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 996w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-185-300x132.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-185-768x339.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-185-810x357.png 810w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 996px) 100vw, 996px\" data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987973_481_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" http: alt=\"\" title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"996\" height=\"439\" class=\"wp-image-80772\" src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987973_481_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987973_481_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 996w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-185-300x132.png 300w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-185-768x339.png 768w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-185-810x357.png 810w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 996px) 100vw, 996px\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"21_%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%ae%da%86%d9%87\"><\/span>21. \u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u0686\u0647<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong>&#8216;\u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e&#8217;<\/strong> \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a.  \u0631\u06a9\u0648\u0631\u062f \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f terminal \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641<\/p>\n<div class=\"codecolorer-container bash default\" style=\"overflow:auto;white-space:nowrap;width:680px;\">\n<div class=\"bash codecolorer\"><span class=\"co4\">$ <\/span><span class=\"kw3\">\u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"740\" height=\"501\" class=\"wp-image-80773\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" data-lazy-srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987973_833_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 740w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-186-300x203.png 300w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 740px) 100vw, 740px\" data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987973_833_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" http: alt=\"\" title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"740\" height=\"501\" class=\"wp-image-80773\" src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987973_833_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987973_833_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 740w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-186-300x203.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 740px) 100vw, 740px\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"22_%d8%b1%d9%88%d8%b4%d9%86\"><\/span>22. \u0631\u0648\u0634\u0646<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u067e\u0627\u06a9 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f terminal.  \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u06af\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f terminal \u062a\u0645\u06cc\u0632.<\/p>\n<div class=\"codecolorer-container bash default\" style=\"overflow:auto;white-space:nowrap;width:680px;\">\n<div class=\"bash codecolorer\"><span class=\"co4\">$ <\/span><span class=\"kw2\">\u0631\u0648\u0634\u0646<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"732\" height=\"490\" class=\"wp-image-80774\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" data-lazy-srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987974_964_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 732w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-187-300x201.png 300w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 732px) 100vw, 732px\" data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987974_964_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" http: alt=\"\" title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"732\" height=\"490\" class=\"wp-image-80774\" src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987974_964_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987974_964_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 732w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-187-300x201.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 732px) 100vw, 732px\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p>Enter \u0631\u0627 \u0641\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u06cc\u06a9 \u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u062f \u062f\u06cc\u062f terminal.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"735\" height=\"288\" class=\"wp-image-80775\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" data-lazy-srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987974_131_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 735w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-188-300x118.png 300w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 735px) 100vw, 735px\" data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987974_131_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" http: alt=\"\" title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"735\" height=\"288\" class=\"wp-image-80775\" src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987974_131_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987974_131_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 735w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-188-300x118.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 735px) 100vw, 735px\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"23_cp\"><\/span>23. cp<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong>&#8220;cp&#8221;<\/strong> \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u0641\u0641 \u06a9\u067e\u06cc \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u06cc\u0627 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a.  \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<div class=\"codecolorer-container bash default\" style=\"overflow:auto;white-space:nowrap;width:680px;\">\n<div class=\"bash codecolorer\"><span class=\"co4\">$ <\/span><span class=\"kw2\">cp<\/span> \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634\u06cc ~<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062c\u0627\u060c &#8216;~&#8217; \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a.  \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0648 \u0633\u067e\u0633 \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc\u062f <strong>&#8216;ls&#8217;<\/strong> \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u06cc\u0627 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0622\u0646.<\/p>\n<div class=\"codecolorer-container bash default\" style=\"overflow:auto;white-space:nowrap;width:680px;\">\n<div class=\"bash codecolorer\"><span class=\"co4\">$ <\/span><span class=\"kw2\">ls<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"737\" height=\"285\" class=\"wp-image-80776\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" data-lazy-srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987974_555_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 737w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-189-300x116.png 300w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 737px) 100vw, 737px\" data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987974_555_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" http: alt=\"\" title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"737\" height=\"285\" class=\"wp-image-80776\" src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987974_555_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987974_555_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 737w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-189-300x116.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 737px) 100vw, 737px\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"24_%da%a9%d8%b4%d8%aa%d9%86\"><\/span>24. \u06a9\u0634\u062a\u0646<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong>&#8216;\u06a9\u0634\u062a\u0646&#8217;<\/strong> \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f process \u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u062e\u0637 \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646  \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 <strong>&#8216;\u06a9\u0634\u062a\u0646&#8217;<\/strong> \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u060c \u067e\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<div class=\"codecolorer-container bash default\" style=\"overflow:auto;white-space:nowrap;width:680px;\">\n<div class=\"bash codecolorer\"><span class=\"co4\">$ <\/span><span class=\"kw2\">ps<\/span> <span class=\"re5\">-ef<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"742\" height=\"477\" class=\"wp-image-80777\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" data-lazy-srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987975_30_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 742w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-190-300x193.png 300w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 742px) 100vw, 742px\" data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987975_30_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" http: alt=\"\" title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"742\" height=\"477\" class=\"wp-image-80777\" src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987975_30_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987975_30_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 742w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-190-300x193.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 742px) 100vw, 742px\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u062f &#8220;\u0647\u0648\u0648\u067e\u06cc\u0633&#8221; \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u06a9\u0634\u06cc\u0645 process \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646 process \u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0647 &#8220;PID&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"748\" height=\"481\" class=\"wp-image-80778\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" data-lazy-srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987975_492_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 748w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-191-300x193.png 300w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 748px) 100vw, 748px\" data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987975_492_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" http: alt=\"\" title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"748\" height=\"481\" class=\"wp-image-80778\" src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987975_492_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987975_492_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 748w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-191-300x193.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 748px) 100vw, 748px\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<div class=\"codecolorer-container bash default\" style=\"overflow:auto;white-space:nowrap;width:680px;\">\n<div class=\"bash codecolorer\"><span class=\"co4\">$ <\/span><span class=\"kw2\">\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0648<\/span> <span class=\"kw2\">\u06a9\u0634\u062a\u0646<\/span> <span class=\"nu0\">702<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0627\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u0628\u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"736\" height=\"196\" class=\"wp-image-80779\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" data-lazy-srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987976_680_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 736w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-192-300x80.png 300w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 736px) 100vw, 736px\" data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987976_680_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" http: alt=\"\" title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"736\" height=\"196\" class=\"wp-image-80779\" src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987976_680_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987976_680_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 736w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-192-300x80.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 736px) 100vw, 736px\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062c\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u06cc\u0686 \u067e\u06cc\u0627\u0645 \u062e\u0637\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 process \u06a9\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"25_%d8%ae%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%a8\"><\/span>25. \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0628<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong>&#8216;\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0628&#8217;<\/strong> \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0627\u062e\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u062f process \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0635  \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u067e\u062a \u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0644 \u0648 \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f.  \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0627\u062e\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u062f process \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0634 \u062a\u0627 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635  \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0647\u060c \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0647 \u06cc\u0627 \u062d\u062a\u06cc \u0631\u0648\u0632 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u06a9\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u06cc\u0627 \u0628\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0628\u06cc\u0645 process \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062f\u062a \u062f\u0648 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0647<\/p>\n<div class=\"codecolorer-container bash default\" style=\"overflow:auto;white-space:nowrap;width:680px;\">\n<div class=\"bash codecolorer\"><span class=\"co4\">$ <\/span><span class=\"kw2\">\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0628<\/span> <span class=\"nu0\">2<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0646 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0648 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0627\u062e\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u06cc \u0627\u0641\u062a\u062f.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"743\" height=\"114\" class=\"wp-image-80780\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" data-lazy-srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987976_965_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 743w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-193-300x46.png 300w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 743px) 100vw, 743px\" data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987976_965_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" http: alt=\"\" title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"743\" height=\"114\" class=\"wp-image-80780\" src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987976_965_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/1703987976_965_25-\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646-\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631-\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633.png 743w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/word-image-193-300x46.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 743px) 100vw, 743px\" alt=\"\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%d9%86%d8%aa%db%8c%d8%ac%d9%87\"><\/span>\u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u0645\u0627 25 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633 \u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u06cc\u0627\u062f \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u06cc\u0645 terminal \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647  \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0628\u062a\u062f\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633 \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0646\u062f command-line \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u06cc\u062f\u06cc\u0648\u06cc YouTube \u0645\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 25 \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0634\u0627 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed wp-block-embed-youtube is-type-video is-provider-youtube epyt-figure\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch\u061fv=m-QvHUFaJ5E\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch\u061fv=m-QvHUFaJ5E<\/a><\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n<div>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u06af\u0627\u0631\u0634 \u0628\u062e\u0634\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0645\u0645\u06a9\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u0646\u06cc \u06cc\u0627 \u0647\u0648\u0634 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u06cc GPT \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f <br \/>\n\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u06cc\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0646\u0628\u0648\u062f\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u06cc\u062d\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0632 \u0637\u0631\u06cc\u0642 \u062f\u06a9\u0645\u0647 \u06af\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0634 \u0646\u0648\u0634\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u06cc\u0627 \u062f\u0631\u062c \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u062c\u0632\u06cc\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0639 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0633\u06cc\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645\n<\/div>\n<p>\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631: 1402-12-31 05:29:03<br \/>\n<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"kk-star-ratings kksr-auto kksr-align-center kksr-valign-bottom\"\n    data-payload='{&quot;align&quot;:&quot;center&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;12465&quot;,&quot;slug&quot;:&quot;default&quot;,&quot;valign&quot;:&quot;bottom&quot;,&quot;ignore&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;reference&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;,&quot;class&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;count&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;legendonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;readonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;score&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;starsonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;best&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;gap&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;greet&quot;:&quot;\u0627\u0645\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628&quot;,&quot;legend&quot;:&quot;0\\\/5 (0 \u0631\u0627\u06cc)&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;30&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;25 \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633&quot;,&quot;width&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;_legend&quot;:&quot;{score}\\\/{best} ({count} \u0631\u0627\u06cc)&quot;,&quot;font_factor&quot;:&quot;1.25&quot;}'>\n            \n<div class=\"kksr-stars\">\n    \n<div class=\"kksr-stars-inactive\">\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"1\" style=\"padding-left: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 30px; height: 30px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"2\" style=\"padding-left: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 30px; height: 30px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"3\" style=\"padding-left: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 30px; height: 30px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"4\" style=\"padding-left: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 30px; height: 30px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"5\" style=\"padding-left: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 30px; height: 30px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    \n<div class=\"kksr-stars-active\" style=\"width: 0px;\">\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-left: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 30px; height: 30px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-left: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 30px; height: 30px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-left: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 30px; height: 30px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-left: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 30px; height: 30px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-left: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 30px; height: 30px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                \n\n<div class=\"kksr-legend\" style=\"font-size: 24px;\">\n            <span class=\"kksr-muted\">\u0627\u0645\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628<\/span>\n    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><span class=\"span-reading-time rt-reading-time\" style=\"display: block;\"><span class=\"rt-label rt-prefix\">\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0647: <\/span> <span class=\"rt-time\"> 9<\/span> <span class=\"rt-label rt-postfix\">\u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0647<\/span><\/span>\u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0633\u062a \u06cc\u06a9 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0647 \u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u062e\u0637 \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u062f\u063a\u0627\u0645 \u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0622\u0645\u062f\u062a\u0631 \u0648 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u067e\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0639 \u0648 \u062e\u0648\u062f\u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062c\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631 \u0631\u0627 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":12467,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2740,1062],"tags":[1061,2749,2742],"class_list":["post-12465","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bash-programming","category-bash-script","tag--bash-scripting","tag--bash"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12465","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=12465"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12465\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/12467"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=12465"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=12465"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=12465"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}