{"id":13282,"date":"2024-01-01T11:16:13","date_gmt":"2024-01-01T07:46:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/%d9%84%db%8c%d8%b3%d8%aa-%d8%aa%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%85-%da%a9%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%af%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%88%d8%a8%d9%88%d9%86%d8%aa%d9%88\/"},"modified":"2024-01-01T11:16:13","modified_gmt":"2024-01-01T07:46:13","slug":"%d9%84%db%8c%d8%b3%d8%aa-%d8%aa%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%85-%da%a9%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%af%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%88%d8%a8%d9%88%d9%86%d8%aa%d9%88","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/%d9%84%db%8c%d8%b3%d8%aa-%d8%aa%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%85-%da%a9%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%af%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%88%d8%a8%d9%88%d9%86%d8%aa%d9%88\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0648"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_85 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\"><p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">\u0633\u0631\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628<\/p>\n<\/div><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/%d9%84%db%8c%d8%b3%d8%aa-%d8%aa%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%85-%da%a9%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%af%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%88%d8%a8%d9%88%d9%86%d8%aa%d9%88\/#%d9%81%d9%87%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%aa_%da%a9%d8%b1%d8%af%d9%86_%d9%87%d9%85%d9%87_%da%a9%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%86_%d8%af%d8%b1_%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%b2%db%8c%d8%b9_ubuntu_2004_lts\" >\u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0647\u0645\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u06cc\u0639 Ubuntu 20.04 LTS<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/%d9%84%db%8c%d8%b3%d8%aa-%d8%aa%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%85-%da%a9%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%af%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%88%d8%a8%d9%88%d9%86%d8%aa%d9%88\/#%d8%b1%d9%88%d8%b4_1_%d9%81%d9%87%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%aa_%d9%87%d9%85%d9%87_%da%a9%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%86_%d8%a8%d8%a7_%d9%86%d9%85%d8%a7%db%8c%d8%b4_%d9%85%d8%ad%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%a7%db%8c_%d9%81%d8%a7%db%8c%d9%84_etcpasswd\" >\u0631\u0648\u0634 1: \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0647\u0645\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627\u06cc \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \/etc\/passwd<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/%d9%84%db%8c%d8%b3%d8%aa-%d8%aa%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%85-%da%a9%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%af%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%88%d8%a8%d9%88%d9%86%d8%aa%d9%88\/#%d8%b1%d9%88%d8%b4_2_%d9%81%d9%87%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%aa_%d8%aa%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%85_%da%a9%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%86_%d8%a7%d9%88%d8%a8%d9%88%d9%86%d8%aa%d9%88_%d8%a8%d8%a7_%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%81%d8%a7%d8%af%d9%87_%d8%a7%d8%b2_%d8%af%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%b1_getent\" >\u0631\u0648\u0634 2: \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0648 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 getent<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/%d9%84%db%8c%d8%b3%d8%aa-%d8%aa%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%85-%da%a9%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%af%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%88%d8%a8%d9%88%d9%86%d8%aa%d9%88\/#%da%86%da%af%d9%88%d9%86%d9%87_%d8%a8%db%8c%d9%86_%da%a9%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%86_%d8%b9%d8%a7%d8%af%db%8c_%d9%88_%d8%b3%db%8c%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%85%db%8c_%d8%aa%d9%81%d8%a7%d9%88%d8%aa_%d9%82%d8%a7%d8%a6%d9%84_%d8%b4%d9%88%db%8c%d9%85%d8%9f\" >\u0686\u06af\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u0648 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u0645\u061f<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/%d9%84%db%8c%d8%b3%d8%aa-%d8%aa%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%85-%da%a9%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%af%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%88%d8%a8%d9%88%d9%86%d8%aa%d9%88\/#%d9%86%d8%aa%db%8c%d8%ac%d9%87\" >\u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<span class=\"span-reading-time rt-reading-time\" style=\"display: block;\"><span class=\"rt-label rt-prefix\">\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0647: <\/span> <span class=\"rt-time\"> 4<\/span> <span class=\"rt-label rt-postfix\">\u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0647<\/span><\/span><p> <br \/>\n<\/p>\n<div id=\"wpbody\">\u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u062d\u062a\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u0648 \u0647\u0645\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0641\u06cc\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633 \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0648 \u067e\u0631\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u06cc\u0639 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0648\u06cc\u0698\u06af\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0641\u06cc\u062f\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0647\u0645\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0648\u0638\u0627\u06cc\u0641 \u0631\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f.  \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0646\u060c \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u062d\u062a\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0647\u062f \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u06cc\u0627 \u067e\u0648\u0634\u0647 \u0648 \u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u0645\u0646 \u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0686\u06af\u0648\u0646\u06af\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0631\u062f<strong> \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633 \u0627\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0648<\/strong> \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 a command-line \u0645\u062d\u06cc\u0637.  \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u062d\u0641\u0631\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u06cc Ubuntu 20.04 LTS \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647.  \u0627\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u062c\u0632\u0626\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0634\u06cc\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0632\u0646\u06cc\u0645!<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%d9%81%d9%87%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%aa_%da%a9%d8%b1%d8%af%d9%86_%d9%87%d9%85%d9%87_%da%a9%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%86_%d8%af%d8%b1_%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%b2%db%8c%d8%b9_ubuntu_2004_lts\"><\/span><strong>\u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0647\u0645\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u06cc\u0639 Ubuntu 20.04 LTS <\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u062f\u0648 \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0647\u0645\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u0647\u0645\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627\u06cc \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \/etc\/passwd \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 getent \u0647\u0645\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%d8%b1%d9%88%d8%b4_1_%d9%81%d9%87%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%aa_%d9%87%d9%85%d9%87_%da%a9%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%86_%d8%a8%d8%a7_%d9%86%d9%85%d8%a7%db%8c%d8%b4_%d9%85%d8%ad%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%a7%db%8c_%d9%81%d8%a7%db%8c%d9%84_etcpasswd\"><\/span><strong>\u0631\u0648\u0634 1: \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0647\u0645\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627\u06cc \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \/etc\/passwd<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u062c\u0632\u0626\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 &#8216;\/etc\/passwd&#8217; \u0630\u062e\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f.  \u0647\u0631 \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0648\u06cc \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a.  \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0648 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 <strong>\u06af\u0631\u0628\u0647 \u0648 \u06a9\u0645\u062a\u0631<\/strong>\u060c \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627\u06cc \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 &#8216;\/etc\/passwd&#8217; \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u062f:<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627\u06cc \/etc\/passwd \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 &#8216;cat&#8217;\u060c \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n<div class=\"codecolorer-container text blackboard\" style=\"width:100%;\">\n<div class=\"text codecolorer\">$ cat \/etc\/passwd<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" fetchpriority=\"high\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-127901 size-full\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" alt=\"\" width=\"624\" height=\"452\" data-lazy-srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a-\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645-\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646-\u062f\u0631-\u0627\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0648.png 624w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/List-all-users-Ubuntu-01-300x217.png 300w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 624px) 100vw, 624px\" data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a-\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645-\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646-\u062f\u0631-\u0627\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0648.png\" http: title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" fetchpriority=\"high\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-127901 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a-\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645-\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646-\u062f\u0631-\u0627\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0648.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"624\" height=\"452\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a-\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645-\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646-\u062f\u0631-\u0627\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0648.png 624w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/List-all-users-Ubuntu-01-300x217.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 624px) 100vw, 624px\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u060c \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627\u06cc \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 &#8216;\/etc\/passwd&#8217; \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 &#8216;\u06a9\u0645\u062a\u0631&#8217; \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<div class=\"codecolorer-container text blackboard\" style=\"width:100%;\">\n<div class=\"text codecolorer\">$ \u06a9\u0645\u062a\u0631 \/etc\/passwd<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-127902 size-full\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" alt=\"\" width=\"624\" height=\"456\" data-lazy-srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/1704095169_769_\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a-\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645-\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646-\u062f\u0631-\u0627\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0648.png 624w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/List-all-users-Ubuntu-02-300x219.png 300w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 624px) 100vw, 624px\" data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/1704095169_769_\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a-\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645-\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646-\u062f\u0631-\u0627\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0648.png\" http: title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-127902 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/1704095169_769_\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a-\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645-\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646-\u062f\u0631-\u0627\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0648.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"624\" height=\"456\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/1704095169_769_\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a-\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645-\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646-\u062f\u0631-\u0627\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0648.png 624w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/List-all-users-Ubuntu-02-300x219.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 624px) 100vw, 624px\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \/etc\/passwd\u060c \u0647\u0631 \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0632 \u0641\u06cc\u0644\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u062a\u0634\u06a9\u06cc\u0644 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062f\u0648\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0647\u0645 \u062c\u062f\u0627 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u062f.  \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u0646\u0627\u0645 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u06cc \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0641\u06cc\u0644\u062f \u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0631\u0645\u0632\u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f (x \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0631\u0645\u0632\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 &#8216;\/etc\/shadow&#8217; \u0630\u062e\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a).<\/li>\n<li>UID \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/li>\n<li>GID \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0647 \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f<\/li>\n<li>\u0646\u0627\u0645 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 (GECOS)<\/li>\n<li>\u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u06cc\u0627 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u067e\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u067e\u06cc\u0634 \u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0631\u0648\u06cc \/bin\/ \u062a\u0646\u0638\u06cc\u0645 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a.bash.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>\u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a Awk \u0648 cut \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f<br \/>\n<\/strong>\u06af\u0627\u0647\u06cc \u0627\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062f print \u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0646 \u0641\u06cc\u0644\u062f \u06cc\u0627 \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u06cc  \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u060c \u062f\u0648 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0641\u06cc\u062f \u00abawk\u00bb \u0648 \u00abcut\u00bb \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0646 \u0641\u06cc\u0644\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f. \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0631\u0627 terminal.<\/p>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633 \u0627\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0648\u060c &#8220;Awk&#8221; \u06cc\u06a9 \u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0645\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0633\u062a\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u062d\u062a\u06cc \u062a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0646 \u0641\u06cc\u0644\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \/etc\/passwd \u062f\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a \u06a9\u0646\u062f.  \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 awk \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0641\u06cc\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0622\u0645\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a:<\/p>\n<div class=\"codecolorer-container text blackboard\" style=\"width:100%;\">\n<div class=\"text codecolorer\">$ awk -F: &#8216;{ print $1}&#8217; \/etc\/passwd<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-127903 size-full\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" alt=\"\" width=\"624\" height=\"456\" data-lazy-srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/1704095169_220_\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a-\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645-\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646-\u062f\u0631-\u0627\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0648.png 624w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/List-all-users-Ubuntu-03-300x219.png 300w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 624px) 100vw, 624px\" data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/1704095169_220_\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a-\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645-\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646-\u062f\u0631-\u0627\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0648.png\" http: title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-127903 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/1704095169_220_\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a-\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645-\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646-\u062f\u0631-\u0627\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0648.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"624\" height=\"456\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/1704095169_220_\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a-\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645-\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646-\u062f\u0631-\u0627\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0648.png 624w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/List-all-users-Ubuntu-03-300x219.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 624px) 100vw, 624px\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 &#8216;cut&#8217; \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n<div class=\"codecolorer-container text blackboard\" style=\"width:100%;\">\n<div class=\"text codecolorer\">$ cut -d: -f1 \/etc\/passwd<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-127904 size-full\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" alt=\"\" width=\"624\" height=\"448\" data-lazy-srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/1704095170_449_\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a-\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645-\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646-\u062f\u0631-\u0627\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0648.png 624w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/List-all-users-Ubuntu-04-300x215.png 300w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 624px) 100vw, 624px\" data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/1704095170_449_\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a-\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645-\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646-\u062f\u0631-\u0627\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0648.png\" http: title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-127904 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/1704095170_449_\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a-\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645-\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646-\u062f\u0631-\u0627\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0648.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"624\" height=\"448\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/1704095170_449_\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a-\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645-\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646-\u062f\u0631-\u0627\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0648.png 624w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/List-all-users-Ubuntu-04-300x215.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 624px) 100vw, 624px\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p>\u062f\u0648 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0647\u0645\u0647 \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0634\u0645\u0627 terminal \u067e\u0646\u062c\u0631\u0647<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%d8%b1%d9%88%d8%b4_2_%d9%81%d9%87%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%aa_%d8%aa%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%85_%da%a9%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%86_%d8%a7%d9%88%d8%a8%d9%88%d9%86%d8%aa%d9%88_%d8%a8%d8%a7_%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%81%d8%a7%d8%af%d9%87_%d8%a7%d8%b2_%d8%af%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%b1_getent\"><\/span><strong>\u0631\u0648\u0634 2: \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0648 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 getent <\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 getent \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633 \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0648\u06cc \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a\u06cc \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0622\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0648\u060c \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 getent \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u067e\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 &#8216;\/etc\/nsswitch.conf f&#8217; \u0631\u0627 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0622\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0648 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f.  \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 passwd\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0647\u0645\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u062c\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0648 \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f.  \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0647 print \u062f\u0631 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0648\u060c \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 &#8220;getent&#8221; \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n<div class=\"codecolorer-container text blackboard\" style=\"width:100%;\">\n<div class=\"text codecolorer\">$ getent \u06af\u0630\u0634\u062a<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-127905 size-full\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" alt=\"\" width=\"624\" height=\"450\" data-lazy-srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/1704095170_154_\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a-\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645-\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646-\u062f\u0631-\u0627\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0648.png 624w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/List-all-users-Ubuntu-05-300x216.png 300w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 624px) 100vw, 624px\" data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/1704095170_154_\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a-\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645-\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646-\u062f\u0631-\u0627\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0648.png\" http: title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-127905 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/1704095170_154_\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a-\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645-\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646-\u062f\u0631-\u0627\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0648.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"624\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/1704095170_154_\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a-\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645-\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646-\u062f\u0631-\u0627\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0648.png 624w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/List-all-users-Ubuntu-05-300x216.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 624px) 100vw, 624px\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u067e\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc &#8216;awk&#8217; \u0648 &#8216;cut&#8217; \u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 getent \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0641\u06cc\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n<div class=\"codecolorer-container text blackboard\" style=\"width:100%;\">\n<div class=\"text codecolorer\">$ getent passwd |  awk -F: &#8216;{ print $1}<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-127906 size-full\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" alt=\"\" width=\"624\" height=\"364\" data-lazy-srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/1704095171_99_\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a-\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645-\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646-\u062f\u0631-\u0627\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0648.png 624w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/List-all-users-Ubuntu-06-300x175.png 300w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 624px) 100vw, 624px\" data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/1704095171_99_\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a-\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645-\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646-\u062f\u0631-\u0627\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0648.png\" http: title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-127906 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/1704095171_99_\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a-\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645-\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646-\u062f\u0631-\u0627\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0648.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"624\" height=\"364\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/1704095171_99_\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a-\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645-\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646-\u062f\u0631-\u0627\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0648.png 624w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/List-all-users-Ubuntu-06-300x175.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 624px) 100vw, 624px\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc\u060c \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 cut \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n<div class=\"codecolorer-container text blackboard\" style=\"width:100%;\">\n<div class=\"text codecolorer\">$ getent passwd |  cut -d: -f1<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-127907 size-full\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" alt=\"\" width=\"624\" height=\"384\" data-lazy-srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/1704095171_596_\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a-\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645-\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646-\u062f\u0631-\u0627\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0648.png 624w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/List-all-users-Ubuntu-07-300x185.png 300w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 624px) 100vw, 624px\" data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/1704095171_596_\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a-\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645-\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646-\u062f\u0631-\u0627\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0648.png\" http: title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-127907 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/1704095171_596_\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a-\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645-\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646-\u062f\u0631-\u0627\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0648.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"624\" height=\"384\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/1704095171_596_\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a-\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645-\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646-\u062f\u0631-\u0627\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0648.png 624w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/List-all-users-Ubuntu-07-300x185.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 624px) 100vw, 624px\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 getent \u06cc\u06a9 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u062c\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0648 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<br \/>\n<\/strong>\u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 getent\u060c \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u067e\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0622\u06cc\u0627 \u06cc\u06a9 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06cc\u0627 \u062e\u06cc\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633 \u0627\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0648 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u06cc\u0627 \u0646\u0647  \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633\u060c \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 getent \u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0647 grep \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n<div class=\"codecolorer-container text blackboard\" style=\"width:100%;\">\n<div class=\"text codecolorer\">$ getent passwd |  grep \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u06cc<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u06cc &#8216;samreena&#8217; \u06a9\u0647 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u062c\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0648 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u06cc\u0627 \u0646\u0647  \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f:<\/p>\n<div class=\"codecolorer-container text blackboard\" style=\"width:100%;\">\n<div class=\"text codecolorer\">$ getent passwd |  grep Samreena<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-127908 size-full\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" alt=\"\" width=\"624\" height=\"54\" data-lazy-srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/1704095171_270_\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a-\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645-\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646-\u062f\u0631-\u0627\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0648.png 624w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/List-all-users-Ubuntu-08-300x26.png 300w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 624px) 100vw, 624px\" data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/1704095171_270_\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a-\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645-\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646-\u062f\u0631-\u0627\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0648.png\" http: title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-127908 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/1704095171_270_\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a-\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645-\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646-\u062f\u0631-\u0627\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0648.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"624\" height=\"54\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/1704095171_270_\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a-\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645-\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646-\u062f\u0631-\u0627\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0648.png 624w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/List-all-users-Ubuntu-08-300x26.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 624px) 100vw, 624px\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0633\u067e\u0633 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0648 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f.  \u062f\u0631 \u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a\u060c \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0646\u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c \u0647\u06cc\u0686 \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0646\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u062f\u0627\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 grep \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06cc\u0627 \u0646\u0647:<\/p>\n<div class=\"codecolorer-container text blackboard\" style=\"width:100%;\">\n<div class=\"text codecolorer\">$ getent passwd user_name<br \/>\n$ getent passwd Samreena<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-127909 size-full\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" alt=\"\" width=\"624\" height=\"54\" data-lazy-srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/1704095172_142_\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a-\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645-\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646-\u062f\u0631-\u0627\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0648.png 624w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/List-all-users-Ubuntu-09-300x26.png 300w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 624px) 100vw, 624px\" data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/1704095172_142_\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a-\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645-\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646-\u062f\u0631-\u0627\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0648.png\" http: title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-127909 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/1704095172_142_\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a-\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645-\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646-\u062f\u0631-\u0627\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0648.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"624\" height=\"54\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/1704095172_142_\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a-\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645-\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646-\u062f\u0631-\u0627\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0648.png 624w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/List-all-users-Ubuntu-09-300x26.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 624px) 100vw, 624px\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u06a9\u0644 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633<br \/>\n<\/strong>\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0645\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u062f \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u062c\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0648 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0633\u067e\u0633 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u00abgetent passwd\u00bb \u0648 \u0633\u067e\u0633 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u00abwc\u00bb \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n<div class=\"codecolorer-container text blackboard\" style=\"width:100%;\">\n<div class=\"text codecolorer\">$ getent passwd |  wc \u2013l<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-127911 size-full\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" alt=\"\" width=\"624\" height=\"52\" data-lazy-srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/1704095172_929_\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a-\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645-\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646-\u062f\u0631-\u0627\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0648.png 624w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/List-all-users-Ubuntu-10-300x25.png 300w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 624px) 100vw, 624px\" data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/1704095172_929_\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a-\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645-\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646-\u062f\u0631-\u0627\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0648.png\" http: title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-127911 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/1704095172_929_\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a-\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645-\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646-\u062f\u0631-\u0627\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0648.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"624\" height=\"52\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/1704095172_929_\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a-\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645-\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646-\u062f\u0631-\u0627\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0648.png 624w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/List-all-users-Ubuntu-10-300x25.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 624px) 100vw, 624px\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%da%86%da%af%d9%88%d9%86%d9%87_%d8%a8%db%8c%d9%86_%da%a9%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%86_%d8%b9%d8%a7%d8%af%db%8c_%d9%88_%d8%b3%db%8c%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%85%db%8c_%d8%aa%d9%81%d8%a7%d9%88%d8%aa_%d9%82%d8%a7%d8%a6%d9%84_%d8%b4%d9%88%db%8c%d9%85%d8%9f\"><\/span><strong>\u0686\u06af\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u0648 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u0645\u061f<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u06cc\u06a9 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f.  \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0647\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0627\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0648 \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u06cc\u0627 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633 \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f.  \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 a \u0627\u0633\u062a root \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631.  \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.  \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f sudo \u0627\u0645\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u06cc\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641 root \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631.  \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0646\u060c \u0647\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u0648 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0648 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 (UID) \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u062e\u0648\u062f\u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0647 \u062d\u062f\u0627\u0642\u0644 (UID_MIN) \u0648 \u062d\u062f\u0627\u06a9\u062b\u0631 (UID_MAX) \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 &#8216;\/etc\/login.defs&#8217; \u062a\u062e\u0635\u06cc\u0635 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u06cc\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062d\u062f\u0627\u0642\u0644 (UID_MIN) \u0648 \u062d\u062f\u0627\u06a9\u062b\u0631 (UID_MAX) \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<br \/>\n<\/strong>\u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u060c \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0646 UID_MIN \u0648 UID_MAX \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n<div class=\"codecolorer-container text blackboard\" style=\"width:100%;\">\n<div class=\"text codecolorer\">$ grep -E &#8216;^UID_MIN|^UID_MAX&#8217; \/etc\/login.defs<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-127912 size-full\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" alt=\"\" width=\"624\" height=\"70\" data-lazy-srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/1704095172_534_\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a-\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645-\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646-\u062f\u0631-\u0627\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0648.png 624w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/List-all-users-Ubuntu-11-300x34.png 300w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 624px) 100vw, 624px\" data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/1704095172_534_\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a-\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645-\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646-\u062f\u0631-\u0627\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0648.png\" http: title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-127912 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/1704095172_534_\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a-\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645-\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646-\u062f\u0631-\u0627\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0648.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"624\" height=\"70\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/1704095172_534_\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a-\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645-\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646-\u062f\u0631-\u0627\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0648.png 624w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/List-all-users-Ubuntu-11-300x34.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 624px) 100vw, 624px\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p>\u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 UID \u0627\u0632 1000 \u062a\u0627 60000 \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0648<br \/>\n<\/strong>UID_MIN \u0648 UID_MAX \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0627 \u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645.  \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0646\u060c \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc UID \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u062c\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0648 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a:<\/p>\n<div class=\"codecolorer-container text blackboard\" style=\"width:100%;\">\n<div class=\"text codecolorer\">$ getent passwd {1000..60000}<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-127913 size-full\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns=\" alt=\"\" width=\"624\" height=\"86\" data-lazy-srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/1704095173_414_\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a-\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645-\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646-\u062f\u0631-\u0627\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0648.png 624w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/List-all-users-Ubuntu-12-300x41.png 300w\" data-lazy-sizes=\"(max-width: 624px) 100vw, 624px\" data-lazy-src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/1704095173_414_\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a-\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645-\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646-\u062f\u0631-\u0627\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0648.png\" http: title=\"\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-127913 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/1704095173_414_\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a-\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645-\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646-\u062f\u0631-\u0627\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0648.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"624\" height=\"86\" srcset=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/1704095173_414_\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a-\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645-\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646-\u062f\u0631-\u0627\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0648.png 624w, https:\/\/linuxhint.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/List-all-users-Ubuntu-12-300x41.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 624px) 100vw, 624px\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%d9%86%d8%aa%db%8c%d8%ac%d9%87\"><\/span><strong>\u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u06cc\u0627\u062f \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0686\u06af\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0648 \u06cc\u0627 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u062e\u0637 \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.  \u0645\u0627 \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u062c\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0648\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0648 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u0648 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u06cc\u0645.  \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0647 \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u060c \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0646\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc UID \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0628\u062d\u062b \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0645.  \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u06cc\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u06cc\u0639 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f CentOS\u060c \u062f\u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633 \u0645\u06cc\u0646\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646.\n<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<div>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u06af\u0627\u0631\u0634 \u0628\u062e\u0634\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0645\u0645\u06a9\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u0646\u06cc \u06cc\u0627 \u0647\u0648\u0634 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u06cc GPT \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f <br \/>\n\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u06cc\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0646\u0628\u0648\u062f\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u06cc\u062d\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0632 \u0637\u0631\u06cc\u0642 \u062f\u06a9\u0645\u0647 \u06af\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0634 \u0646\u0648\u0634\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u06cc\u0627 \u062f\u0631\u062c \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u062c\u0632\u06cc\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0639 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0633\u06cc\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645\n<\/div>\n<p>\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631: 1403-01-01 11:16:03<br \/>\n<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"kk-star-ratings kksr-auto kksr-align-center kksr-valign-bottom\"\n    data-payload='{&quot;align&quot;:&quot;center&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;13282&quot;,&quot;slug&quot;:&quot;default&quot;,&quot;valign&quot;:&quot;bottom&quot;,&quot;ignore&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;reference&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;,&quot;class&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;count&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;legendonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;readonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;score&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;starsonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;best&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;gap&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;greet&quot;:&quot;\u0627\u0645\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628&quot;,&quot;legend&quot;:&quot;0\\\/5 (0 \u0631\u0627\u06cc)&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;30&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0648&quot;,&quot;width&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;_legend&quot;:&quot;{score}\\\/{best} ({count} \u0631\u0627\u06cc)&quot;,&quot;font_factor&quot;:&quot;1.25&quot;}'>\n            \n<div class=\"kksr-stars\">\n    \n<div class=\"kksr-stars-inactive\">\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"1\" style=\"padding-left: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 30px; height: 30px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"2\" style=\"padding-left: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 30px; height: 30px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"3\" style=\"padding-left: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 30px; height: 30px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"4\" style=\"padding-left: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 30px; height: 30px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"5\" style=\"padding-left: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 30px; height: 30px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    \n<div class=\"kksr-stars-active\" style=\"width: 0px;\">\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-left: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 30px; height: 30px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-left: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 30px; height: 30px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-left: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 30px; height: 30px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-left: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 30px; height: 30px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-left: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 30px; height: 30px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                \n\n<div class=\"kksr-legend\" style=\"font-size: 24px;\">\n            <span class=\"kksr-muted\">\u0627\u0645\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628<\/span>\n    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><span class=\"span-reading-time rt-reading-time\" style=\"display: block;\"><span class=\"rt-label rt-prefix\">\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0647: <\/span> <span class=\"rt-time\"> 4<\/span> <span class=\"rt-label rt-postfix\">\u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0647<\/span><\/span>\u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u062d\u062a\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u0648 \u0647\u0645\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0641\u06cc\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633 \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u0627\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0648 \u067e\u0631\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u06cc\u0639 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0648\u06cc\u0698\u06af\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0641\u06cc\u062f\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0647\u0645\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0648\u0638\u0627\u06cc\u0641 \u0631\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f. \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0646\u060c \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":13283,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2754,95],"tags":[1053,105,2759,2757,2755],"class_list":["post-13282","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ubuntu","category-linux","tag-1053","tag-105","tag--ubuntu","tag-2757","tag---ubuntu"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13282","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13282"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13282\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/13283"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13282"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13282"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13282"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}