{"id":15450,"date":"2024-01-12T13:56:21","date_gmt":"2024-01-12T10:26:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/%da%a9%d9%88%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%b3-%d9%88-%d9%87%d9%85%d8%a8%d8%b3%d8%aa%da%af%db%8c-%d8%af%d8%b1-%d9%be%d8%a7%db%8c%d8%aa%d9%88%d9%86\/"},"modified":"2024-01-12T13:56:21","modified_gmt":"2024-01-12T10:26:21","slug":"%da%a9%d9%88%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%b3-%d9%88-%d9%87%d9%85%d8%a8%d8%b3%d8%aa%da%af%db%8c-%d8%af%d8%b1-%d9%be%d8%a7%db%8c%d8%aa%d9%88%d9%86","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/%da%a9%d9%88%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%b3-%d9%88-%d9%87%d9%85%d8%a8%d8%b3%d8%aa%da%af%db%8c-%d8%af%d8%b1-%d9%be%d8%a7%db%8c%d8%aa%d9%88%d9%86\/","title":{"rendered":"\u06a9\u0648\u0648\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0648 \u0647\u0645\u0628\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_85 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\"><p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">\u0633\u0631\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628<\/p>\n<\/div><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/%da%a9%d9%88%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%b3-%d9%88-%d9%87%d9%85%d8%a8%d8%b3%d8%aa%da%af%db%8c-%d8%af%d8%b1-%d9%be%d8%a7%db%8c%d8%aa%d9%88%d9%86\/#%d9%85%d8%b9%d8%b1%d9%81%db%8c\" >\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u06cc<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/%da%a9%d9%88%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%b3-%d9%88-%d9%87%d9%85%d8%a8%d8%b3%d8%aa%da%af%db%8c-%d8%af%d8%b1-%d9%be%d8%a7%db%8c%d8%aa%d9%88%d9%86\/#%da%a9%d9%88%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%b3_%d9%88_%d9%87%d9%85%d8%a8%d8%b3%d8%aa%da%af%db%8c_%e2%80%93_%d8%a8%d9%87_%d8%b9%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%aa_%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%af%d9%87\" >\u06a9\u0648\u0648\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0648 \u0647\u0645\u0628\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc &#8211; \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/%da%a9%d9%88%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%b3-%d9%88-%d9%87%d9%85%d8%a8%d8%b3%d8%aa%da%af%db%8c-%d8%af%d8%b1-%d9%be%d8%a7%db%8c%d8%aa%d9%88%d9%86\/#%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%87_%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%b2%db%8c_%da%a9%d8%af_%d9%be%d8%a7%db%8c%d8%aa%d9%88%d9%86_%e2%80%93_%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%b2%db%8c%d8%a7%d8%a8%db%8c_%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%af%d9%87_%d9%87%d8%a7%db%8c_%d9%86%d9%85%d9%88%d9%86%d9%87\" >\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u06a9\u062f \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646 &#8211; \u0628\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u0627\u0628\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/%da%a9%d9%88%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%b3-%d9%88-%d9%87%d9%85%d8%a8%d8%b3%d8%aa%da%af%db%8c-%d8%af%d8%b1-%d9%be%d8%a7%db%8c%d8%aa%d9%88%d9%86\/#%d9%85%d8%ad%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%a8%d9%87_%da%a9%d9%88%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%b3_%d8%af%d8%b1_%d9%be%d8%a7%db%8c%d8%aa%d9%88%d9%86\" >\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u0648\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/%da%a9%d9%88%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%b3-%d9%88-%d9%87%d9%85%d8%a8%d8%b3%d8%aa%da%af%db%8c-%d8%af%d8%b1-%d9%be%d8%a7%db%8c%d8%aa%d9%88%d9%86\/#%d9%85%d8%ad%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%a8%d9%87_%d9%87%d9%85%d8%a8%d8%b3%d8%aa%da%af%db%8c_%d8%af%d8%b1_%d9%be%d8%a7%db%8c%d8%aa%d9%88%d9%86\" >\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u0628\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/%da%a9%d9%88%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%b3-%d9%88-%d9%87%d9%85%d8%a8%d8%b3%d8%aa%da%af%db%8c-%d8%af%d8%b1-%d9%be%d8%a7%db%8c%d8%aa%d9%88%d9%86\/#%d9%86%d8%aa%db%8c%d8%ac%d9%87\" >\u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<span class=\"span-reading-time rt-reading-time\" style=\"display: block;\"><span class=\"rt-label rt-prefix\">\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0647: <\/span> <span class=\"rt-time\"> 4<\/span> <span class=\"rt-label rt-postfix\">\u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0647<\/span><\/span><p> <br \/>\n<\/p>\n<div><noscript><\/noscript><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"introduction\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%d9%85%d8%b9%d8%b1%d9%81%db%8c\"><\/span>\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u06cc<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u062c\u0632\u06cc\u0647 \u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0645\u06cc\u0634\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f: \u0686\u06af\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9\u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0628\u0633\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u061f  \u0627\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u06a9\u0648\u0648\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0648 \u0647\u0645\u0628\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>\u06a9\u0648\u0648\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062b \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f <em>\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631<\/em> \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u0631\u0647\u0627  \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u0648\u0648\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0628\u0627 \u06cc\u06a9\u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645.  \u0647\u0645\u0628\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f <em>\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0647<\/em> \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u0631\u0647\u0627  \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0647\u0645\u0628\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0639\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0686\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9\u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u0648\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0648 \u0647\u0645\u0628\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u06cc\u0627\u062f \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"covarianceandcorrelationinsimpleterms\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%da%a9%d9%88%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%b3_%d9%88_%d9%87%d9%85%d8%a8%d8%b3%d8%aa%da%af%db%8c_%e2%80%93_%d8%a8%d9%87_%d8%b9%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%aa_%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%af%d9%87\"><\/span>\u06a9\u0648\u0648\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0648 \u0647\u0645\u0628\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc &#8211; \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u0647\u0631 \u062f\u0648 \u06a9\u0648\u0648\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0648 \u0647\u0645\u0628\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0647 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f.  \u06a9\u0648\u0648\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f <em>\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0631<\/em> \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u0631\u0647\u0627 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\u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u062e\u0637\u06cc \u062f\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f (\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0686\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0627 \u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0627 \u0646\u0631\u062e \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f).  \u0631\u0627 <em>\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0648 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u062c\u0647\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0631<\/em> \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0647 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0628\u0627 \u0647\u0645\u0628\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f \u0648 \u0627\u0632 1- \u062a\u0627 1+ \u0645\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a.  \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u0648\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u0633\u060c \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0647\u0631 \u062f\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062c\u0647\u062a \u062d\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u06af\u0648\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062c\u0647\u062a \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641 \u062d\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0631 \u062f\u0648 \u06a9\u0648\u0648\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0648 \u0647\u0645\u0628\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062d\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0648\u0634 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u06cc\u0698\u06af\u06cc \u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0686\u0646\u062f \u0645\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f.  \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0633\u0631\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0647\u200c\u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u06af\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0634 \u0631\u06cc\u0633\u06a9 \u067e\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0648\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u06a9\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0647\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u06a9\u0648\u0648\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0642\u06cc\u0645\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06cc\u0627\u0628\u062f.  \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062d\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0641\u06cc \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u062f\u0634  \u0633\u067e\u0633 \u0633\u0631\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u06a9 \u0647\u0645\u0628\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0639\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u06a9\u0647 \u0686\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0642\u06cc\u0645\u062a \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9\u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"setupforpythoncoderetrievingsampledata\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%87_%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%b2%db%8c_%da%a9%d8%af_%d9%be%d8%a7%db%8c%d8%aa%d9%88%d9%86_%e2%80%93_%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%b2%db%8c%d8%a7%d8%a8%db%8c_%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%af%d9%87_%d9%87%d8%a7%db%8c_%d9%86%d9%85%d9%88%d9%86%d9%87\"><\/span>\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u06a9\u062f \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646 &#8211; \u0628\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u0627\u0628\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0635\u0648\u0644\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0628\u062e\u0634 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0622\u0645\u0648\u062e\u062a\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u0648\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u06cc\u0634 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u06cc\u0645 python.  \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0631\u062f \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.kaggle.com\/uciml\/iris\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0628\u06cc\u0647<\/a>.  \u0645\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0628\u0627 <code>setosa<\/code> \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0646 \u06af\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0648 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0631\u062e\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0628\u0648\u062f <a href=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/search?tbm=isch&amp;q=setosa\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">\u06af\u0644 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0634 \u062f\u0648\u0633\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0646\u06cc<\/a>!<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u062f \u0646\u06af\u0627\u0647\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0627 \u0622\u0646\u0627\u0644\u06cc\u0632 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u062f:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/covariance-and-correlation-in-python-1.png\" alt=\"\u067e\u06cc\u0634 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 Iris\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u062f\u0648 \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u062c\u0632\u06cc\u0647 \u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0647\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u0645 &#8211; <code>sepal_length<\/code> \u0648 <code>sepal_width<\/code>.<\/p>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f (\u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0628\u0631\u06cc\u062f <code>covariance_correlation.py<\/code>\u0628\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u062f\u0648 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 <code>sepal_length<\/code> \u0648 <code>sepal_width<\/code> \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635 \u06af\u0644:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"hljs\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">with<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-built_in\">open<\/span>(<span class=\"hljs-string\">'iris_setosa.csv'<\/span>,<span class=\"hljs-string\">'r'<\/span>) <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">as<\/span> f:\n    g=f.readlines()\n    \n    sep_length = (<span class=\"hljs-built_in\">float<\/span>(x.split(<span class=\"hljs-string\">','<\/span>)(<span class=\"hljs-number\">0<\/span>)) <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">for<\/span> x <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">in<\/span> g(<span class=\"hljs-number\">1<\/span>:))\n    sep_width  = (<span class=\"hljs-built_in\">float<\/span>(x.split(<span class=\"hljs-string\">','<\/span>)(<span class=\"hljs-number\">1<\/span>)) <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">for<\/span> x <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">in<\/span> g(<span class=\"hljs-number\">1<\/span>:))\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u060c \u0647\u0645\u06cc\u0634\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u062c\u0633\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0631\u0648\u06cc.  \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062c\u0627 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u06af\u0631\u0633\u06cc\u0648\u0646 Seaborn (\u0646\u0642\u0634\u0647 \u067e\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u0646\u062f\u06af\u06cc + \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0631\u06af\u0631\u0633\u06cc\u0648\u0646 \u062e\u0637\u06cc) \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0648\u06cc\u0698\u06af\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0632\u0627 \u0622\u0645\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/covariance-and-correlation-in-python-2.png\" alt=\"\u0646\u0645\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u067e\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u0646\u062f\u06af\u06cc sepal_length \u0648 sepal_width\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0632 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0628\u0635\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0645\u06cc \u0631\u0633\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u0645\u0628\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0646\u0632\u062f\u06cc\u06a9 \u0628\u0647 \u062e\u0637 \u0631\u06af\u0631\u0633\u06cc\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f.  \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0628\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0622\u06cc\u0627 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0648\u0648\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0648 \u0647\u0645\u0628\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06cc\u0627 \u062e\u06cc\u0631.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"calculatingcovarianceinpython\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%d9%85%d8%ad%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%a8%d9%87_%da%a9%d9%88%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%b3_%d8%af%d8%b1_%d9%be%d8%a7%db%8c%d8%aa%d9%88%d9%86\"><\/span>\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u0648\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0648\u0648\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/covariance-and-correlation-in-python-3.png\" alt=\"\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u0648\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u0633\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u0648\u0642\u060c<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0627\u06cc\u06a9\u0633<sub>\u0645\u0646<\/sub>\u060c y<sub>\u0645\u0646<\/sub> &#8211; \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0633\u0631\u06cc x \u0648 y \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f<\/li>\n<li>x\u0304\u060c y\u0305 &#8211; \u0645\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u06af\u06cc\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0636\u06cc \u0633\u0631\u06cc x \u0648 y \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f<\/li>\n<li>N &#8211; \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0633\u062a <code>N<\/code> \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0648 <code>N - 1<\/code> \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647  \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646\u062c\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u0686\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 Iris \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 <code>N - 1<\/code>.<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0636\u06cc \u0630\u06a9\u0631 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0645\u0627\u060c \u0627\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u0635 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"hljs\"><span class=\"hljs-function\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">def<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-title\">covariance<\/span>(<span class=\"hljs-params\">x, y<\/span>):<\/span>\n    \n    mean_x = <span class=\"hljs-built_in\">sum<\/span>(x)\/<span class=\"hljs-built_in\">float<\/span>(<span class=\"hljs-built_in\">len<\/span>(x))\n    mean_y = <span class=\"hljs-built_in\">sum<\/span>(y)\/<span class=\"hljs-built_in\">float<\/span>(<span class=\"hljs-built_in\">len<\/span>(y))\n    \n    sub_x = (i - mean_x <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">for<\/span> i <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">in<\/span> x)\n    sub_y = (i - mean_y <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">for<\/span> i <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">in<\/span> y)\n    numerator = <span class=\"hljs-built_in\">sum<\/span>((sub_x(i)*sub_y(i) <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">for<\/span> i <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">in<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-built_in\">range<\/span>(<span class=\"hljs-built_in\">len<\/span>(sub_x))))\n    denominator = <span class=\"hljs-built_in\">len<\/span>(x)-<span class=\"hljs-number\">1<\/span>\n    cov = numerator\/denominator\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">return<\/span> cov\n\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">with<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-built_in\">open<\/span>(<span class=\"hljs-string\">'iris_setosa.csv'<\/span>, <span class=\"hljs-string\">'r'<\/span>) <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">as<\/span> f:\n    ...\n    cov_func = covariance(sep_length, sep_width)\n    <span class=\"hljs-built_in\">print<\/span>(<span class=\"hljs-string\">\"Covariance from the custom function:\"<\/span>, cov_func)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u06af\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u067e\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645.  \u0633\u067e\u0633 \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0631\u06a9 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u062a\u0627 \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0647\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0648 \u0633\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u062a\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0648 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0631 \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u06af\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0645 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645.  \u0622 <code>for<\/code> \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u06cc\u062d \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0647 \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0633\u067e\u0633 \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u062f\u0648 \u0633\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0648 \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u06cc\u06a9\u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u06a9 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631\u06cc \u0636\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645.  \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647 \u0622\u0646 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0648 \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0630\u062e\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 <code>numerator<\/code>.  \u0631\u0627 <code>denominator<\/code> \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0637\u0645\u0626\u0646 \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0648\u0642\u062a\u06cc \u06a9\u0648\u0648\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u067e\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 1 \u06a9\u0627\u0647\u0634 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f!<\/p>\n<p>\u0633\u067e\u0633 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 <code>numerator<\/code> \u0628\u0631 \u0622\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f <code>denominator<\/code>\u060c \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u062c\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u0648\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u067e\u062a \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"hljs\">Covariance from the custom function: 0.09921632653061219\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u06af\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0647\u0631 \u062f\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062c\u0647\u062a \u062d\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"calculatingcorrelationinpython\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%d9%85%d8%ad%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%a8%d9%87_%d9%87%d9%85%d8%a8%d8%b3%d8%aa%da%af%db%8c_%d8%af%d8%b1_%d9%be%d8%a7%db%8c%d8%aa%d9%88%d9%86\"><\/span>\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u0628\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u067e\u0631\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u0636\u0631\u06cc\u0628 \u0647\u0645\u0628\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc &#8220;r&#8221; \u067e\u06cc\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/covariance-and-correlation-in-python-4.png\" alt=\"\u0641\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u0628\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u0648\u0642\u060c<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0627\u06cc\u06a9\u0633<sub>\u0645\u0646<\/sub>\u060c y<sub>\u0645\u0646<\/sub> &#8211; \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0633\u0631\u06cc x \u0648 y \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f<\/li>\n<li>\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u06a9\u0648\u0648\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f<\/li>\n<li>\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0641\u0631\u062f\u06cc x \u0648 y \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0645\u06cc \u0631\u0633\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u0647 \u0686\u06cc\u0632\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0633\u062a \u0622\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0647\u0645\u0628\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u062d\u062b \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0645!<\/p>\n<p>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u062f \u0647\u0645\u0628\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"hljs\"><span class=\"hljs-function\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">def<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-title\">correlation<\/span>(<span class=\"hljs-params\">x, y<\/span>):<\/span>\n    \n    mean_x = <span class=\"hljs-built_in\">sum<\/span>(x)\/<span class=\"hljs-built_in\">float<\/span>(<span class=\"hljs-built_in\">len<\/span>(x))\n    mean_y = <span class=\"hljs-built_in\">sum<\/span>(y)\/<span class=\"hljs-built_in\">float<\/span>(<span class=\"hljs-built_in\">len<\/span>(y))\n    \n    sub_x = (i-mean_x <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">for<\/span> i <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">in<\/span> x)\n    sub_y = (i-mean_y <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">for<\/span> i <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">in<\/span> y)\n    \n    numerator = <span class=\"hljs-built_in\">sum<\/span>((sub_x(i)*sub_y(i) <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">for<\/span> i <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">in<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-built_in\">range<\/span>(<span class=\"hljs-built_in\">len<\/span>(sub_x))))\n    \n    std_deviation_x = <span class=\"hljs-built_in\">sum<\/span>((sub_x(i)**<span class=\"hljs-number\">2.0<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">for<\/span> i <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">in<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-built_in\">range<\/span>(<span class=\"hljs-built_in\">len<\/span>(sub_x))))\n    std_deviation_y = <span class=\"hljs-built_in\">sum<\/span>((sub_y(i)**<span class=\"hljs-number\">2.0<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">for<\/span> i <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">in<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-built_in\">range<\/span>(<span class=\"hljs-built_in\">len<\/span>(sub_y))))\n    \n    denominator = (std_deviation_x*std_deviation_y)**<span class=\"hljs-number\">0.5<\/span> \n    cor = numerator\/denominator\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">return<\/span> cor\n\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">with<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-built_in\">open<\/span>(<span class=\"hljs-string\">'iris_setosa.csv'<\/span>, <span class=\"hljs-string\">'r'<\/span>) <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">as<\/span> f:\n    ...\n    cor_func = correlation(sep_length, sep_width)\n    <span class=\"hljs-built_in\">print<\/span>(<span class=\"hljs-string\">\"Correlation from the custom function:\"<\/span>, cor_func)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646\u062c\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u0648\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u062f\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f\u060c \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u06cc\u0628\u0627\u064b \u06cc\u06a9 \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631 \u0622\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f.  \u0647\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u06a9\u0648\u0648\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u060c \u0633\u067e\u0633 \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645.  \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646\u062c\u0627\u060c \u0647\u0645\u0628\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u062a\u0642\u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0648\u0648\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0628\u0627 \u0636\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u062c\u0630\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0627 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u062f\u060c \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0648 \u062a\u0623\u06cc\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0648\u06cc\u0698\u06af\u06cc \u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0647 \u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a (\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631\u060c \u06cc\u0627 +\u060c &#8211; \u06cc\u0627 \u0647\u06cc\u0686 \u06a9\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0631 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a 0) \u0648 \u0642\u0648\u06cc (\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0632\u062f\u06cc\u06a9 \u0628\u0647 1) \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"hljs\">Correlation from the custom function: 0.7425466856651597\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2 id=\"conclusion\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%d9%86%d8%aa%db%8c%d8%ac%d9%87\"><\/span>\u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u062f\u0648 \u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0622\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u06a9\u0648\u0648\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0648 \u0647\u0645\u0628\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0641\u0635\u06cc\u0644 \u06cc\u0627\u062f \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u06cc\u0645.  \u0645\u0627 \u06cc\u0627\u062f \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0631 \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0627 \u0686\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0686\u06af\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0636\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0686\u06af\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u067e\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645.  \u0647\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0641\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><script>\n                        !function(f,b,e,v,n,t,s)\n                        {if(f.fbq)return;n=f.fbq=function(){n.callMethod?\n                        n.callMethod.apply(n,arguments):n.queue.push(arguments)};\n                        if(!f._fbq)f._fbq=n;n.push=n;n.loaded=!0;n.version='2.0';\n                        n.queue=();t=b.createElement(e);t.async=!0;\n                        t.src=v;s=b.getElementsByTagName(e)(0);\n                        s.parentNode.insertBefore(t,s)}(window, document,'script',\n                        'https:\/\/connect.facebook.net\/en_US\/fbevents.js');\n                        fbq('init', '525232124909042');\n                        fbq('track', 'PageView');\n                    <\/script>    (\u0628\u0631\u0686\u0633\u0628\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647)# python<br \/>\n<br \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0631 1403-01-12 13:56:04<br \/>\n<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"kk-star-ratings kksr-auto kksr-align-center kksr-valign-bottom\"\n    data-payload='{&quot;align&quot;:&quot;center&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;15450&quot;,&quot;slug&quot;:&quot;default&quot;,&quot;valign&quot;:&quot;bottom&quot;,&quot;ignore&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;reference&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;,&quot;class&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;count&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;legendonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;readonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;score&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;starsonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;best&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;gap&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;greet&quot;:&quot;\u0627\u0645\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628&quot;,&quot;legend&quot;:&quot;0\\\/5 (0 \u0631\u0627\u06cc)&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;30&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;\u06a9\u0648\u0648\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0648 \u0647\u0645\u0628\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646&quot;,&quot;width&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;_legend&quot;:&quot;{score}\\\/{best} ({count} \u0631\u0627\u06cc)&quot;,&quot;font_factor&quot;:&quot;1.25&quot;}'>\n            \n<div class=\"kksr-stars\">\n    \n<div class=\"kksr-stars-inactive\">\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"1\" style=\"padding-left: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 30px; height: 30px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"2\" style=\"padding-left: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 30px; height: 30px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"3\" style=\"padding-left: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 30px; height: 30px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"4\" style=\"padding-left: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 30px; height: 30px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"5\" style=\"padding-left: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 30px; height: 30px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    \n<div class=\"kksr-stars-active\" style=\"width: 0px;\">\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-left: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 30px; height: 30px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-left: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 30px; height: 30px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-left: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 30px; height: 30px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-left: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 30px; height: 30px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-left: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 30px; height: 30px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                \n\n<div class=\"kksr-legend\" style=\"font-size: 24px;\">\n            <span class=\"kksr-muted\">\u0627\u0645\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628<\/span>\n    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><span class=\"span-reading-time rt-reading-time\" style=\"display: block;\"><span class=\"rt-label rt-prefix\">\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0647: <\/span> <span class=\"rt-time\"> 4<\/span> <span class=\"rt-label rt-postfix\">\u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0647<\/span><\/span>\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u062c\u0632\u06cc\u0647 \u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0645\u06cc\u0634\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f: \u0686\u06af\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9\u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0628\u0633\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u061f \u0627\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u06a9\u0648\u0648\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0648 \u0647\u0645\u0628\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u06a9\u0648\u0648\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062b \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u0648\u0648\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0628\u0627 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":15451,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1743,620],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-15450","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-python","category-programming"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15450","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15450"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15450\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/15451"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15450"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15450"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15450"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}