{"id":16662,"date":"2024-01-29T07:09:13","date_gmt":"2024-01-29T03:39:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/%d9%84%db%8c%d8%b3%d8%aa-%d9%87%d8%a7%db%8c-%d9%be%db%8c%d9%88%d9%86%d8%af%db%8c-%d9%be%d8%a7%db%8c%d8%aa%d9%88%d9%86\/"},"modified":"2024-01-29T07:09:13","modified_gmt":"2024-01-29T03:39:13","slug":"%d9%84%db%8c%d8%b3%d8%aa-%d9%87%d8%a7%db%8c-%d9%be%db%8c%d9%88%d9%86%d8%af%db%8c-%d9%be%d8%a7%db%8c%d8%aa%d9%88%d9%86","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/%d9%84%db%8c%d8%b3%d8%aa-%d9%87%d8%a7%db%8c-%d9%be%db%8c%d9%88%d9%86%d8%af%db%8c-%d9%be%d8%a7%db%8c%d8%aa%d9%88%d9%86\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0648\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_85 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\"><p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">\u0633\u0631\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628<\/p>\n<\/div><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/%d9%84%db%8c%d8%b3%d8%aa-%d9%87%d8%a7%db%8c-%d9%be%db%8c%d9%88%d9%86%d8%af%db%8c-%d9%be%d8%a7%db%8c%d8%aa%d9%88%d9%86\/#%d9%85%d8%b9%d8%b1%d9%81%db%8c\" >\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u06cc<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/%d9%84%db%8c%d8%b3%d8%aa-%d9%87%d8%a7%db%8c-%d9%be%db%8c%d9%88%d9%86%d8%af%db%8c-%d9%be%d8%a7%db%8c%d8%aa%d9%88%d9%86\/#%d8%aa%d8%b9%d8%b1%db%8c%d9%81_%da%af%d8%b1%d9%87_%d8%a8%d9%87_%d8%b9%d9%86%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%86_%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%ae%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%b1_%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%af%d9%87\" >\u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u06af\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/%d9%84%db%8c%d8%b3%d8%aa-%d9%87%d8%a7%db%8c-%d9%be%db%8c%d9%88%d9%86%d8%af%db%8c-%d9%be%d8%a7%db%8c%d8%aa%d9%88%d9%86\/#%d8%a7%db%8c%d8%ac%d8%a7%d8%af_%db%8c%da%a9_%da%a9%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%b3_%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%a7%db%8c_%db%8c%da%a9_%d9%84%db%8c%d8%b3%d8%aa_%d8%aa%da%a9_%d9%be%db%8c%d9%88%d9%86%d8%af%db%8c\" >\u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u062a\u06a9 \u067e\u06cc\u0648\u0646\u062f\u06cc<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/%d9%84%db%8c%d8%b3%d8%aa-%d9%87%d8%a7%db%8c-%d9%be%db%8c%d9%88%d9%86%d8%af%db%8c-%d9%be%d8%a7%db%8c%d8%aa%d9%88%d9%86\/#%d8%a7%d8%b6%d8%a7%d9%81%d9%87_%da%a9%d8%b1%d8%af%d9%86_%da%af%d8%b1%d9%87_%d9%87%d8%a7_%d8%a8%d9%87_%d9%84%db%8c%d8%b3%d8%aa_%d8%aa%da%a9_%d9%be%db%8c%d9%88%d9%86%d8%af%db%8c\" >\u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u06af\u0631\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u062a\u06a9 \u067e\u06cc\u0648\u0646\u062f\u06cc<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/%d9%84%db%8c%d8%b3%d8%aa-%d9%87%d8%a7%db%8c-%d9%be%db%8c%d9%88%d9%86%d8%af%db%8c-%d9%be%d8%a7%db%8c%d8%aa%d9%88%d9%86\/#%d8%ac%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%ac%d9%88_%d8%af%d8%b1_%d9%84%db%8c%d8%b3%d8%aa_%d9%be%db%8c%d9%88%d9%86%d8%af%db%8c\" >\u062c\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u067e\u06cc\u0648\u0646\u062f\u06cc<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/%d9%84%db%8c%d8%b3%d8%aa-%d9%87%d8%a7%db%8c-%d9%be%db%8c%d9%88%d9%86%d8%af%db%8c-%d9%be%d8%a7%db%8c%d8%aa%d9%88%d9%86\/#%d8%ad%d8%b0%d9%81_%db%8c%da%a9_%d9%85%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%af_%d8%a7%d8%b2_%d9%84%db%8c%d8%b3%d8%aa_%d9%be%db%8c%d9%88%d9%86%d8%af_%d8%b4%d8%af%d9%87\" >\u062d\u0630\u0641 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u067e\u06cc\u0648\u0646\u062f \u0634\u062f\u0647<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/%d9%84%db%8c%d8%b3%d8%aa-%d9%87%d8%a7%db%8c-%d9%be%db%8c%d9%88%d9%86%d8%af%db%8c-%d9%be%d8%a7%db%8c%d8%aa%d9%88%d9%86\/#%d8%a7%db%8c%d8%ac%d8%a7%d8%af_%db%8c%da%a9_%d9%84%db%8c%d8%b3%d8%aa_%d8%af%d9%88%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%b1_%d9%be%db%8c%d9%88%d9%86%d8%af_%d8%b4%d8%af%d9%87\" >\u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u067e\u06cc\u0648\u0646\u062f \u0634\u062f\u0647<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/%d9%84%db%8c%d8%b3%d8%aa-%d9%87%d8%a7%db%8c-%d9%be%db%8c%d9%88%d9%86%d8%af%db%8c-%d9%be%d8%a7%db%8c%d8%aa%d9%88%d9%86\/#%d8%a7%db%8c%d8%ac%d8%a7%d8%af_%d9%84%db%8c%d8%b3%d8%aa_%d9%87%d8%a7%db%8c_%d8%af%d9%88%da%af%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%87_%d8%a8%d8%a7_%d8%af%da%a9%d9%87_%d9%87%d8%af%d9%81_%e2%80%93_%d8%b4%db%8c\" >\u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0648\u06af\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u062f\u06a9\u0647 \u0647\u062f\u0641 &#8211; \u0634\u06cc<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/%d9%84%db%8c%d8%b3%d8%aa-%d9%87%d8%a7%db%8c-%d9%be%db%8c%d9%88%d9%86%d8%af%db%8c-%d9%be%d8%a7%db%8c%d8%aa%d9%88%d9%86\/#%d9%86%d8%aa%db%8c%d8%ac%d9%87\" >\u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<span class=\"span-reading-time rt-reading-time\" style=\"display: block;\"><span class=\"rt-label rt-prefix\">\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0647: <\/span> <span class=\"rt-time\"> 9<\/span> <span class=\"rt-label rt-postfix\">\u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0647<\/span><\/span><p> <br \/>\n<\/p>\n<div><noscript><\/noscript><\/p>\n<h2 id=\"introduction\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%d9%85%d8%b9%d8%b1%d9%81%db%8c\"><\/span>\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u06cc<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u067e\u06cc\u0648\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0627\u06cc\u062c \u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u067e\u06cc\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a.  \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u067e\u0634\u062a\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0641\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0648 \u0635\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u060c \u06cc\u06a9 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0637\u0631\u06cc\u0642 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f.  \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u0627\u0646 C \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f <em>\u0627\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u06af\u0631\u0647\u0627<\/em>.  \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u06cc\u06a9 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u062f\u0631\u0633\u060c \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u060c \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u06cc\u060c \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0628\u06cc \u06cc\u0627 \u062c\u0632\u0626\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u0646\u0634 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f.  \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0647\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u067e\u06cc\u0648\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n<p>\u06cc\u06a9 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f a \u0646\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f <em>node<\/em>.  \u06af\u0631\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0622\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0647 \u0630\u062e\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f.  \u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0648\u0636\u060c \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u062e\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0647 \u067e\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f\u060c \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0627 \u062f\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u06af\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0622\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u067e\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f node \u0628\u0639\u062f\u06cc.  \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a \u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f <em>\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 NIL<\/em>:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"img-responsive\" src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/python-linked-lists-1.png\" alt=\"\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u062a\u06a9 \u067e\u06cc\u0648\u0646\u062f\u06cc\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p><em>\u062a\u0635\u0648\u06cc\u0631: \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u062a\u06a9 \u067e\u06cc\u0648\u0646\u062f\u06cc<\/em><\/p>\n<div class=\"alert alert-note\">\n<div class=\"flex\">\n<div class=\"flex-shrink-0 mr-3\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"w-full\">\n<p><strong>\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u062f:<\/strong> \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 NIL \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f &#8211;  <code>None<\/code>.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<p>\u062f\u0648 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f &#8211; <em><strong>\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u06a9 \u0648 \u062f\u0648 \u067e\u06cc\u0648\u0646\u062f\u06cc<\/strong><\/em>.  \u0622 node \u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u062a\u06a9 \u067e\u06cc\u0648\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f\u060c \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 a node \u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u062f\u0648\u06af\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0642\u0628\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f node\u060c \u0647\u0645.  \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0634\u063a\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0630\u062e\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u06cc \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"img-responsive\" src=\"https:\/\/rasanegar.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/python-linked-lists-2.png\" alt=\"\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u062f\u0648 \u067e\u06cc\u0648\u0646\u062f\u06cc\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p><em>\u062a\u0635\u0648\u06cc\u0631: \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u062f\u0648\u062a\u0627\u06cc\u06cc<\/em><\/p>\n<p>\u0622 <em>\u062a\u06a9 \u067e\u06cc\u0648\u0646\u062f\u06cc<\/em> \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0631 \u062a\u0627 \u062f\u0645 \u0637\u06cc \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u060c \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u067e\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0642\u0628 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0622\u0633\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a.  \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0641 <em>\u062f\u0648\u062a\u0627\u06cc\u06cc<\/em> \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0627\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u06af\u0631\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0647\u0631 \u062f\u0648 \u062c\u0647\u062a \u0628\u0627 \u0647\u0632\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0631 \u06a9\u062f\u0627\u0645\u060c \u067e\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f node \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639  \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0648\u062f\u0646 \u0648 \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u06af\u0631\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u06a9 \u067e\u06cc\u0648\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u06cc\u0634 \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0648 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f.  \u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u062f\u0648\u06af\u0627\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0686\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u06af\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646 <strong>\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0646\u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f<\/strong> \u06cc\u06a9 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u067e\u06cc\u0634 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0648\u0646\u062f\u06cc.  \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u0627\u0631 \u0622\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u06cc\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f <em>\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645<\/em> \u06cc\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0627\u0698\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u06cc \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u067e\u06cc\u0648\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0637\u06cc \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645.  \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0646 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 node.  \u062f\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u067e\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u062a\u06a9 \u067e\u06cc\u0648\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u062a \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u062f\u0648 \u067e\u06cc\u0648\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u06cc\u0627\u062f \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u062f \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a.  \u0644\u0637\u0641\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u067e\u06cc\u0648\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0622\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a.  \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647\u200c\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u0632\u0647\u200c\u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u06cc\u062d \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0648\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0686\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0686\u06af\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u067e\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0686\u06af\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<h2 id=\"defininganodeasadatastructure\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%d8%aa%d8%b9%d8%b1%db%8c%d9%81_%da%af%d8%b1%d9%87_%d8%a8%d9%87_%d8%b9%d9%86%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%86_%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%ae%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%b1_%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%af%d9%87\"><\/span>\u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u06af\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u0627 \u0622\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645\u060c a \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 <em>node<\/em>.  \u0627\u0644\u0641 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0631\u062f node \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0627\u0645 <code>ListNode<\/code>.  \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0634\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0627 \u062f\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u0631 &#8211; <code>data<\/code> \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u06af\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0646 node \u0627\u0631\u0632\u0634\u060c \u0648 <code>next<\/code> \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0630\u062e\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0639 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u06cc node \u062f\u0631 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a  \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0647 \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0641 node \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><code>__init_()<\/code>  &#8211; \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0647\u06cc \u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0647 node \u0628\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0647\u0627<\/li>\n<li><code>self.data<\/code>  &#8211; \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0630\u062e\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0631 node<\/li>\n<li><code>self.next<\/code>  &#8211; \u0627\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u06af\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u06cc node<\/li>\n<li><code>has_value()<\/code>  &#8211; \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 node \u0627\u0631\u0632\u0634<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0636\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0645 a \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0647\u06cc \u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 node \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0627 (<code>__init__()<\/code>\u060c \u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0648 \u0630\u062e\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u067e\u0648\u0634\u0634 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f (\u0627\u0632 \u0637\u0631\u06cc\u0642 <code>self.data<\/code> \u0648\u06cc\u0698\u06af\u06cc) \u0648 \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0639 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644 node (\u0627\u0632 \u0637\u0631\u06cc\u0642 <code>self.next<\/code> \u0648\u06cc\u0698\u06af\u06cc).  \u0631\u0648\u0634 <code>has_value()<\/code> \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u0633\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 node \u0627\u0631\u0632\u0634 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0631\u0632\u0634 \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a node:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"hljs\"><span class=\"hljs-class\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">class<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-title\">ListNode<\/span>:<\/span>\n    <span class=\"hljs-function\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">def<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-title\">__init__<\/span>(<span class=\"hljs-params\">self, data<\/span>):<\/span>\n        <span class=\"hljs-string\">\"constructor to initiate this object\"<\/span>\n        \n        \n        self.data = data\n        \n        \n        self.<span class=\"hljs-built_in\">next<\/span> = <span class=\"hljs-literal\">None<\/span>\n    \n    <span class=\"hljs-function\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">def<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-title\">has_value<\/span>(<span class=\"hljs-params\">self, value<\/span>):<\/span>\n        <span class=\"hljs-string\">\"method to compare the value with the node data\"<\/span>\n        <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">if<\/span> self.data == value:\n            <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">return<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-literal\">True<\/span>\n        <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">else<\/span>:\n            <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">return<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-literal\">False<\/span>\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0627 \u062e\u0648\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0645 <code>ListNode<\/code> \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 node \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0632\u062f\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0634\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0627\u0633\u062a node \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"hljs\">node1 = ListNode(<span class=\"hljs-number\">15<\/span>)\nnode2 = ListNode(<span class=\"hljs-number\">8.2<\/span>)\nnode3 = ListNode(<span class=\"hljs-string\">\"Berlin\"<\/span>)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u067e\u0633 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0647 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0645 <code>ListNode<\/code> \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633  \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u0633\u0647 \u06af\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u062d\u0627\u0648\u06cc \u0645\u0642\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0631 \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f <code>15<\/code> (\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0635\u062d\u06cc\u062d)\u060c <code>8.2<\/code> (\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0631)\u060c \u0648 <code>\"Berlin\"<\/code> (\u0631\u0634\u062a\u0647).<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"creatingaclassforasinglelinkedlist\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%d8%a7%db%8c%d8%ac%d8%a7%d8%af_%db%8c%da%a9_%da%a9%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%b3_%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%a7%db%8c_%db%8c%da%a9_%d9%84%db%8c%d8%b3%d8%aa_%d8%aa%da%a9_%d9%be%db%8c%d9%88%d9%86%d8%af%db%8c\"><\/span>\u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u062a\u06a9 \u067e\u06cc\u0648\u0646\u062f\u06cc<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u0645\u060c \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 <code>SingleLinkedList<\/code> \u06a9\u0647 \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u06af\u0631\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u067e\u0648\u0634\u0634 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f.  \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><code>__init__()<\/code>  &#8211; \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0634\u06cc<\/li>\n<li><code>list_length()<\/code>  &#8211; \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u06af\u0631\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u06af\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/li>\n<li><code>output_list()<\/code>  &#8211; \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc node \u0627\u0631\u0632\u0634 \u0647\u0627\u06cc<\/li>\n<li><code>add_list_item()<\/code>  &#8211; \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 a node \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a<\/li>\n<li><code>unordered_search()<\/code>  &#8211; \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u062c\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0648 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/li>\n<li><code>remove_list_item_by_id()<\/code>  &#8211; \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f node \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0647 \u0622\u0646<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0647\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 <code>__init__()<\/code> \u0645\u062a\u062f \u062f\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f <code>head<\/code> \u0648 <code>tail<\/code>.  \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u06af\u0631\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0648 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f.  \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u060c \u0647\u0631 \u062f\u0648 <code>head<\/code> \u0648 <code>tail<\/code> \u0627\u0631\u0632\u0634 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f <code>None<\/code> \u062a\u0627 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"hljs\"><span class=\"hljs-class\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">class<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-title\">SingleLinkedList<\/span>:<\/span>\n    <span class=\"hljs-function\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">def<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-title\">__init__<\/span>(<span class=\"hljs-params\">self<\/span>):<\/span>\n        <span class=\"hljs-string\">\"constructor to initiate this object\"<\/span>\n        \n        self.head = <span class=\"hljs-literal\">None<\/span>\n        self.tail = <span class=\"hljs-literal\">None<\/span>\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2 id=\"addingnodestoasinglelinkedlist\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%d8%a7%d8%b6%d8%a7%d9%81%d9%87_%da%a9%d8%b1%d8%af%d9%86_%da%af%d8%b1%d9%87_%d9%87%d8%a7_%d8%a8%d9%87_%d9%84%db%8c%d8%b3%d8%aa_%d8%aa%da%a9_%d9%be%db%8c%d9%88%d9%86%d8%af%db%8c\"><\/span>\u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u06af\u0631\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u062a\u06a9 \u067e\u06cc\u0648\u0646\u062f\u06cc<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><em>\u0627\u0641\u0632\u0648\u062f\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a<\/em> \u0627\u0632 \u0637\u0631\u06cc\u0642 \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f <code>add_list_item()<\/code>.  \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641 node \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u067e\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u06cc  \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0637\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0646 \u0622\u0646 node (\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 <code>ListNode<\/code>) \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627 \u067e\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u06cc \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u06cc\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f <code>isinstance()<\/code>.  \u062f\u0631 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0641\u0642\u06cc\u062a\u060c node \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0634\u062f.  \u0627\u06af\u0631 <code>item<\/code> \u06cc\u06a9 \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a <code>ListNode<\/code>\u060c \u0633\u067e\u0633 \u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a (\u0647\u0646\u0648\u0632) \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f node \u0631\u0626\u06cc\u0633 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f.  \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 node \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0633\u067e\u0633 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0645 \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u06cc\u0645 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"hljs\"><span class=\"hljs-function\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">def<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-title\">add_list_item<\/span>(<span class=\"hljs-params\">self, item<\/span>):<\/span>\n    <span class=\"hljs-string\">\"add an item at the end of the list\"<\/span>\n\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">if<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">not<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-built_in\">isinstance<\/span>(item, ListNode):\n        item = ListNode(item)\n\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">if<\/span> self.head <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">is<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-literal\">None<\/span>:\n        self.head = item\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">else<\/span>:\n        self.tail.<span class=\"hljs-built_in\">next<\/span> = item\n\n    self.tail = item\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 <code>list_length()<\/code> \u0645\u062a\u062f \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u06af\u0631\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0648 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0646\u062f <em>\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a<\/em>.  \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0646 \u0627\u0632 \u06cc\u06a9\u06cc node \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a node \u0648\u06cc\u0698\u06af\u06cc <code>self.next<\/code> \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f \u0648 \u067e\u06cc\u0648\u0646\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0645\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0646\u062f node.  \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0634 \u06af\u0631\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 a \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f <code>while<\/code> \u062a\u0627 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0627 a \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0646\u0631\u0633\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u0645 \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0647 \u0628\u0632\u0646\u06cc\u062f <code>None<\/code> \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u06a9 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u06cc node:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"hljs\"><span class=\"hljs-function\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">def<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-title\">list_length<\/span>(<span class=\"hljs-params\">self<\/span>):<\/span>\n    <span class=\"hljs-string\">\"returns the number of list items\"<\/span>\n\n    count = <span class=\"hljs-number\">0<\/span>\n    current_node = self.head\n\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">while<\/span> current_node <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">is<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">not<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-literal\">None<\/span>:\n        \n        count = count + <span class=\"hljs-number\">1<\/span>\n\n        \n        current_node = current_node.<span class=\"hljs-built_in\">next<\/span>\n\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">return<\/span> count\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0631\u0648\u0634 <code>output_list()<\/code> <em>\u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f node \u0627\u0631\u0632\u0634 \u0647\u0627\u06cc<\/em> \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 node \u0648\u06cc\u0698\u06af\u06cc <code>data<\/code>.  \u0628\u0627\u0632 \u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0646 \u0627\u0632 \u06cc\u06a9\u06cc node \u0628\u0647 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u06a9 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0637\u0631\u06cc\u0642 \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a <code>next<\/code> \u0648\u06cc\u0698\u06af\u06cc:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"hljs\"><span class=\"hljs-function\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">def<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-title\">output_list<\/span>(<span class=\"hljs-params\">self<\/span>):<\/span>\n    <span class=\"hljs-string\">\"outputs the list (the value of the node, actually)\"<\/span>\n\n     current_node = self.head\n\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">while<\/span> current_node <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">is<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">not<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-literal\">None<\/span>:\n        <span class=\"hljs-built_in\">print<\/span>(current_node.data)\n\n        \n        current_node = current_node.<span class=\"hljs-built_in\">next<\/span>\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 <code>SingleLinkedList<\/code> \u0645\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0628\u0627 \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 <code>track<\/code>\u060c \u0648 \u0628\u0627 \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0646 \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u06a9\u0647 \u0642\u0628\u0644\u0627\u064b \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u06cc\u062d \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.  \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0646\u060c \u0627\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f \u0686\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0647 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 a \u0627\u0631\u0632\u06cc\u0627\u0628\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 <code>for<\/code> \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0647 \u0628\u0632\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0648 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627\u06cc \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc \u0628\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"hljs\">\nnode1 = ListNode(<span class=\"hljs-number\">15<\/span>)\nnode2 = ListNode(<span class=\"hljs-number\">8.2<\/span>)\nitem3 = <span class=\"hljs-string\">\"Berlin\"<\/span>\nnode4 = ListNode(<span class=\"hljs-number\">15<\/span>)\n\ntrack = SingleLinkedList()\n<span class=\"hljs-built_in\">print<\/span>(<span class=\"hljs-string\">\"track length: %i\"<\/span> % track.list_length())\n\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">for<\/span> current_item <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">in<\/span> (node1, node2, item3, node4):\n    track.add_list_item(current_item)\n    <span class=\"hljs-built_in\">print<\/span>(<span class=\"hljs-string\">\"track length: %i\"<\/span> % track.list_length())\n    track.output_list()\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0631\u0634\u062f \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"hljs\">track length: 0\ntrack length: 1\n15\ntrack length: 2\n15\n8.2\ntrack length: 3\n15\n8.2\nBerlin\ntrack length: 4\n15\n8.2\nBerlin\n15\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2 id=\"searchingthelinkedlist\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%d8%ac%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%ac%d9%88_%d8%af%d8%b1_%d9%84%db%8c%d8%b3%d8%aa_%d9%be%db%8c%d9%88%d9%86%d8%af%db%8c\"><\/span>\u062c\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u067e\u06cc\u0648\u0646\u062f\u06cc<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u062c\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0648\u06cc \u06a9\u0644 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f <code>unordered_search()<\/code>.  \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0648\u06cc \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u067e\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u06cc \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f.  \u0633\u0631 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0647 \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u062d\u06cc\u0646 \u062c\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0648 \u06af\u0631\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0645.  \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0637\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 node \u0639\u062f\u062f.  \u0631\u0648\u0634 <code>unordered_search()<\/code> \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u0627\u0632 node \u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"hljs\"><span class=\"hljs-function\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">def<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-title\">unordered_search<\/span> (<span class=\"hljs-params\">self, value<\/span>):<\/span>\n    <span class=\"hljs-string\">\"search the linked list for the node that has this value\"<\/span>\n\n    \n    current_node = self.head\n\n    \n    node_id = <span class=\"hljs-number\">1<\/span>\n\n    \n    results = ()\n\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">while<\/span> current_node <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">is<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">not<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-literal\">None<\/span>:\n        <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">if<\/span> current_node.has_value(value):\n            results.append(node_id)\n\n        \n        current_node = current_node.<span class=\"hljs-built_in\">next<\/span>\n        node_id = node_id + <span class=\"hljs-number\">1<\/span>\n\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">return<\/span> results\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0628\u0644\u060c \u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0648 \u0647\u0645 \u0686\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0645 node \u062d\u0627\u0648\u06cc \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f <code>15<\/code>.  \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u062f \u062c\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0648\u06cc a \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 <code>15<\/code> \u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 <code>track<\/code> \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u067e\u06cc\u0648\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0628\u0644\u06cc:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"hljs\">search_result = track.unordered_search(<span class=\"hljs-number\">15<\/span>)\n<span class=\"hljs-built_in\">print<\/span>(search_result)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u062c\u0631 \u0628\u0647:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"hljs\">(1, 4)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc \u0631\u0641\u062a\u060c \u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u061f  \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646\u062c\u0627 \u06a9\u0647 <code>track<\/code> \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u067e\u06cc\u0648\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 <code>15<\/code> \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0648 \u0686\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0645.<\/p>\n<div class=\"alert alert-note\">\n<div class=\"flex\">\n<div class=\"flex-shrink-0 mr-3\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"w-full\">\n<p><strong>\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u062f:<\/strong> \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u06cc\u0645 <code>unordered_search()<\/code> \u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0632 1 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0634 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f &#8211; \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0637\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u062a\u0646\u0638\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0634 \u0628\u0627 0 \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0634\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0634 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u0632\u06af\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<h2 id=\"removinganitemfromthelinkedlist\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%d8%ad%d8%b0%d9%81_%db%8c%da%a9_%d9%85%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%af_%d8%a7%d8%b2_%d9%84%db%8c%d8%b3%d8%aa_%d9%be%db%8c%d9%88%d9%86%d8%af_%d8%b4%d8%af%d9%87\"><\/span>\u062d\u0630\u0641 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u067e\u06cc\u0648\u0646\u062f \u0634\u062f\u0647<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u062d\u0630\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641 node \u0627\u0632 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u06cc\u0645 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f &#8211; \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f node \u0627\u06a9\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0639\u062f\u06cc \u0627\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u062f.  \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 node \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u0634\u0648\u062f \u0648 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u062c\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0632\u06cc\u0646 \u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n<div class=\"alert alert-note\">\n<div class=\"flex\">\n<div class=\"flex-shrink-0 mr-3\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"w-full\">\n<p><strong>\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u062f:<\/strong> \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0633\u200c\u0632\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0647\u060c \u062c\u0645\u0639\u200c\u0622\u0648\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0634\u06cc\u0627\u0621 \u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u062a \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<p>\u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0646\u0627\u0645\u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a <code>remove_list_item_by_id()<\/code>.  \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u067e\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0631\u060c \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u06af\u0631\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u06af\u0634\u062a\u06cc \u0627\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f <code>unordered_search()<\/code>:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"hljs\"><span class=\"hljs-function\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">def<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-title\">remove_list_item_by_id<\/span>(<span class=\"hljs-params\">self, item_id<\/span>):<\/span>\n    <span class=\"hljs-string\">\"remove the list item with the item id\"<\/span>\n\n    current_id = <span class=\"hljs-number\">1<\/span>\n    current_node = self.head\n    previous_node = <span class=\"hljs-literal\">None<\/span>\n\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">while<\/span> current_node <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">is<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">not<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-literal\">None<\/span>:\n        <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">if<\/span> current_id == item_id:\n            \n            <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">if<\/span> previous_node <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">is<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">not<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-literal\">None<\/span>:\n                previous_node.<span class=\"hljs-built_in\">next<\/span> = current_node.<span class=\"hljs-built_in\">next<\/span>\n            <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">else<\/span>:\n                self.head = current_node.<span class=\"hljs-built_in\">next<\/span>\n                \n                <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">return<\/span>\n\n        \n        previous_node = current_node\n        current_node = current_node.<span class=\"hljs-built_in\">next<\/span>\n        current_id = current_id + <span class=\"hljs-number\">1<\/span>\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062d\u0630\u0641\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0686\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0632 a <code>track<\/code> \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"hljs\">track.remove_list_item_by_id(<span class=\"hljs-number\">4<\/span>)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2 id=\"creatingadoublelinkedlist\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%d8%a7%db%8c%d8%ac%d8%a7%d8%af_%db%8c%da%a9_%d9%84%db%8c%d8%b3%d8%aa_%d8%af%d9%88%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%b1_%d9%be%db%8c%d9%88%d9%86%d8%af_%d8%b4%d8%af%d9%87\"><\/span>\u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u067e\u06cc\u0648\u0646\u062f \u0634\u062f\u0647<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u062f\u0648\u06af\u0627\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0637\u0628\u06cc\u0639\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u06af\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0634 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f <code>ListNode<\/code> \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u06cc \u0628\u0647 <em>\u0642\u0628\u0644\u06cc<\/em> node.<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0631\u0648\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0648\u062f\u0646\u060c \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u0648 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u0628\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 \u0648\u06cc\u0698\u06af\u06cc \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 <code>previous<\/code> \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0630\u062e\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u06af\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0628\u0647 \u0642\u0628\u0644\u06cc node \u062f\u0631 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a  \u0631\u0648\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0648\u06cc\u0698\u06af\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0631\u062f\u06cc\u0627\u0628\u06cc \u0648 \u067e\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u06af\u0631\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u06cc\u0645:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"hljs\"><span class=\"hljs-class\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">class<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-title\">ListNode<\/span>:<\/span>\n    <span class=\"hljs-function\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">def<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-title\">__init__<\/span>(<span class=\"hljs-params\">self, data<\/span>):<\/span>\n        <span class=\"hljs-string\">\"constructor class to initiate this object\"<\/span>\n\n        \n        self.data = data\n        \n        \n        self.<span class=\"hljs-built_in\">next<\/span> = <span class=\"hljs-literal\">None<\/span>\n\n        \n        self.previous = <span class=\"hljs-literal\">None<\/span>\n\n    <span class=\"hljs-function\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">def<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-title\">has_value<\/span>(<span class=\"hljs-params\">self, value<\/span>):<\/span>\n        <span class=\"hljs-string\">\"method to compare the value with the node data\"<\/span>\n        <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">if<\/span> self.data == value:\n            <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">return<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-literal\">True<\/span>\n        <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">else<\/span>:\n            <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">return<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-literal\">False<\/span>\n\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0627\u06a9\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u062f\u0648\u06af\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"hljs\"><span class=\"hljs-class\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">class<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-title\">DoubleLinkedList<\/span>:<\/span>\n    <span class=\"hljs-function\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">def<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-title\">__init__<\/span>(<span class=\"hljs-params\">self<\/span>):<\/span>\n        <span class=\"hljs-string\">\"constructor to initiate this object\"<\/span>\n\n        self.head = <span class=\"hljs-literal\">None<\/span>\n        self.tail = <span class=\"hljs-literal\">None<\/span>\n\n    <span class=\"hljs-function\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">def<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-title\">list_length<\/span>(<span class=\"hljs-params\">self<\/span>):<\/span>\n        <span class=\"hljs-string\">\"returns the number of list items\"<\/span>\n        \n        count = <span class=\"hljs-number\">0<\/span>\n        current_node = self.head\n\n        <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">while<\/span> current_node <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">is<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">not<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-literal\">None<\/span>:\n            \n            count = count + <span class=\"hljs-number\">1<\/span>\n            \n            \n            current_node = current_node.<span class=\"hljs-built_in\">next<\/span>\n        \n        <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">return<\/span> count\n\n    <span class=\"hljs-function\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">def<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-title\">output_list<\/span>(<span class=\"hljs-params\">self<\/span>):<\/span>\n        <span class=\"hljs-string\">\"outputs the list (the value of the node, actually)\"<\/span>\n        current_node = self.head\n\n        <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">while<\/span> current_node <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">is<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">not<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-literal\">None<\/span>:\n            <span class=\"hljs-built_in\">print<\/span>(current_node.data)\n\n            \n            current_node = current_node.<span class=\"hljs-built_in\">next<\/span>\n        \n    <span class=\"hljs-function\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">def<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-title\">unordered_search<\/span> (<span class=\"hljs-params\">self, value<\/span>):<\/span>\n        <span class=\"hljs-string\">\"search the linked list for the node that has this value\"<\/span>\n\n        \n        current_node = self.head\n\n        \n        node_id = <span class=\"hljs-number\">1<\/span>\n\n        \n        results = ()\n\n        <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">while<\/span> current_node <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">is<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">not<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-literal\">None<\/span>:\n            <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">if<\/span> current_node.has_value(value):\n                results.append(node_id)\n            \n            \n            current_node = current_node.<span class=\"hljs-built_in\">next<\/span>\n            node_id = node_id + <span class=\"hljs-number\">1<\/span>\n        \n        <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">return<\/span> results\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u06a9\u0647 \u0642\u0628\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u06cc\u062d \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u060c <em><strong>\u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u06af\u0631\u0647 \u0647\u0627<\/strong><\/em>  \u06a9\u0645\u06cc \u0627\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u06cc \u0637\u0644\u0628\u062f  \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u062f \u0646\u06af\u0627\u0647\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0646 \u0628\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u0645:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"hljs\"><span class=\"hljs-function\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">def<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-title\">add_list_item<\/span>(<span class=\"hljs-params\">self, item<\/span>):<\/span>\n    <span class=\"hljs-string\">\"add an item at the end of the list\"<\/span>\n\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">if<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-built_in\">isinstance<\/span>(item, ListNode):\n        <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">if<\/span> self.head <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">is<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-literal\">None<\/span>:\n            self.head = item\n            item.previous = <span class=\"hljs-literal\">None<\/span>\n            item.<span class=\"hljs-built_in\">next<\/span> = <span class=\"hljs-literal\">None<\/span>\n            self.tail = item\n        <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">else<\/span>:\n            self.tail.<span class=\"hljs-built_in\">next<\/span> = item\n            item.previous = self.tail\n            self.tail = item\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p><em><strong>\u062d\u0630\u0641 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f<\/strong><\/em>  \u0627\u0632 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0647\u0632\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u062f:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"hljs\"><span class=\"hljs-function\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">def<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-title\">remove_list_item_by_id<\/span>(<span class=\"hljs-params\">self, item_id<\/span>):<\/span>\n    <span class=\"hljs-string\">\"remove the list item with the item id\"<\/span>\n\n    current_id = <span class=\"hljs-number\">1<\/span>\n    current_node = self.head\n\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">while<\/span> current_node <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">is<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">not<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-literal\">None<\/span>:\n        previous_node = current_node.previous\n        next_node = current_node.<span class=\"hljs-built_in\">next<\/span>\n\n        <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">if<\/span> current_id == item_id:\n            \n            <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">if<\/span> previous_node <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">is<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">not<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-literal\">None<\/span>:\n                previous_node.<span class=\"hljs-built_in\">next<\/span> = next_node\n                <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">if<\/span> next_node <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">is<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">not<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-literal\">None<\/span>:\n                    next_node.previous = previous_node\n            <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">else<\/span>:\n                self.head = next_node\n                <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">if<\/span> next_node <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">is<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">not<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-literal\">None<\/span>:\n                    next_node.previous = <span class=\"hljs-literal\">None<\/span>\n            \n            <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">return<\/span>\n\n        \n        current_node = next_node\n        current_id = current_id + <span class=\"hljs-number\">1<\/span>\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u062f \u0647\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0648 \u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"hljs\">\nnode1 = ListNode(<span class=\"hljs-number\">15<\/span>)\nnode2 = ListNode(<span class=\"hljs-number\">8.2<\/span>)\nnode3 = ListNode(<span class=\"hljs-string\">\"Berlin\"<\/span>)\nnode4 = ListNode(<span class=\"hljs-number\">15<\/span>)\n\ntrack = DoubleLinkedList()\n<span class=\"hljs-built_in\">print<\/span>(<span class=\"hljs-string\">\"track length: %i\"<\/span> % track.list_length())\n\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">for<\/span> current_node <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">in<\/span> (node1, node2, node3, node4):\n    track.add_list_item(current_node)\n    <span class=\"hljs-built_in\">print<\/span>(<span class=\"hljs-string\">\"track length: %i\"<\/span> % track.list_length())\n    track.output_list()\n\nresults = track.unordered_search(<span class=\"hljs-number\">15<\/span>)\n<span class=\"hljs-built_in\">print<\/span>(results)\n\ntrack.remove_list_item_by_id(<span class=\"hljs-number\">4<\/span>)\ntrack.output_list()\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u062a\u06a9 \u067e\u06cc\u0648\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0628\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>\u062a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a!<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<h2 id=\"creatingdoublelinkedlistswithdequeobject\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%d8%a7%db%8c%d8%ac%d8%a7%d8%af_%d9%84%db%8c%d8%b3%d8%aa_%d9%87%d8%a7%db%8c_%d8%af%d9%88%da%af%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%87_%d8%a8%d8%a7_%d8%af%da%a9%d9%87_%d9%87%d8%af%d9%81_%e2%80%93_%d8%b4%db%8c\"><\/span>\u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0648\u06af\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0627 <em>\u062f\u06a9\u0647<\/em> \u0647\u062f\u0641 &#8211; \u0634\u06cc<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646\u062c\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631 \u0628\u0627 \u0647\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0627\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0648 \u0627\u0632 \u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0648\u062f \u067e\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645.  \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0627\u0632 <a rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/docs.python.org\/3\/library\/collections.html#collections.deque\">\u062f\u06a9\u0647<\/a> \u0634\u06cc \u0627\u0632 <code>collections<\/code> \u0645\u062f\u0648\u0644.<\/p>\n<div class=\"alert alert-note\">\n<div class=\"flex\">\n<div class=\"flex-shrink-0 mr-3\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"w-full\">\n<p><strong>\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u062f:<\/strong> \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 <code>collections<\/code> \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0627\u0698\u0648\u0644:<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>&#8220;<em>Deques<\/em> \u06cc\u06a9 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u06cc\u0645 \u0627\u0632 \u067e\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0635\u0641 \u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f (\u0646\u0627\u0645 &#8220;\u0639\u0631\u0634\u0647&#8221; \u062a\u0644\u0641\u0638 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f \u0648 \u0645\u062e\u0641\u0641 &#8220;\u0635\u0641 \u062f\u0648 \u0637\u0631\u0641\u0647&#8221; \u0627\u0633\u062a).  Deque \u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0636\u0645\u06cc\u0645\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0645\u0646 \u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0622\u0645\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0647 \u067e\u0634\u062a\u06cc\u0628\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0627\u0632 \u0647\u0631 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u062f\u06a9 \u0628\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06a9\u0631\u062f \u062a\u0642\u0631\u06cc\u0628\u0627\u064b \u06cc\u06a9\u0633\u0627\u0646 O(1) \u062f\u0631 \u0647\u0631 \u062c\u0647\u062a \u0645\u06cc \u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f.&#8221;<\/p>\n<\/blockquote><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<p>\u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0634\u06cc \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><code>append()<\/code>: \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0645\u062a \u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f (\u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0646)<\/li>\n<li><code>append_left()<\/code>: \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0645\u062a \u0686\u067e \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f (\u0633\u0631)<\/li>\n<li><code>clear()<\/code>: \u0647\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/li>\n<li><code>count()<\/code>: \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062f<\/li>\n<li><code>index()<\/code>: \u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0639 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u067e\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/li>\n<li><code>insert()<\/code>: \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f<\/li>\n<li><code>pop()<\/code>: \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0645\u062a \u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a \u06cc\u06a9 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a (\u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0646)<\/li>\n<li><code>popleft()<\/code>: \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0645\u062a \u0686\u067e \u06cc\u06a9 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a (\u0633\u0631)<\/li>\n<li><code>remove()<\/code>: \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/li>\n<li><code>reverse()<\/code>: \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u06a9\u0648\u0633 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0628\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06cc <code>deque<\/code> \u06cc\u06a9 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0648 \u067e\u06cc\u0648\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f.  \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0648\u0644 node \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u0627\u062e\u0635 0. \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 <code>deque<\/code> \u0645\u0646\u062c\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f <em>\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647\u06cc \u0627\u0632 <code>ListNode<\/code> \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633<\/em>.  \u062a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0686\u06cc\u0632\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0646\u06af\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0633\u062a <code>data<\/code> \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0630\u062e\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 node \u0627\u0631\u0632\u0634:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"hljs\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">from<\/span> collections <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">import<\/span> deque\n\n<span class=\"hljs-class\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">class<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-title\">ListNode<\/span>:<\/span>\n    <span class=\"hljs-function\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">def<\/span> <span class=\"hljs-title\">__init__<\/span>(<span class=\"hljs-params\">self, data<\/span>):<\/span>\n        <span class=\"hljs-string\">\"constructor class to initiate this object\"<\/span>\n        \n        \n        self.data = data\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u06af\u0631\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0646\u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0634\u0628\u06cc\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0622\u0646\u0686\u0647 \u0642\u0628\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627 \u0622\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a.  \u0628\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0646 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u060c \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u06af\u0631\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 <code>dequeue<\/code> \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0646\u062f\u0647:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"hljs\">track = deque((node1, node2, node3))\n<span class=\"hljs-built_in\">print<\/span>(<span class=\"hljs-string\">\"three items (initial list):\"<\/span>)\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">for<\/span> item <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">in<\/span> track:\n    <span class=\"hljs-built_in\">print<\/span>(item.data)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0627\u0641\u0632\u0648\u062f\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0622\u06cc\u062a\u0645 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u06cc \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0627 <code>append_left()<\/code> \u0631\u0648\u0634:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"hljs\">\nnode4 = ListNode(<span class=\"hljs-number\">15<\/span>)\ntrack.append_left(node4)\n<span class=\"hljs-built_in\">print<\/span>(<span class=\"hljs-string\">\"four items (added as the head):\"<\/span>)\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">for<\/span> item <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">in<\/span> track:\n    <span class=\"hljs-built_in\">print<\/span>(item.data)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u06cc\u0628\u060c <code>append()<\/code> \u0627\u0644\u0641 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f node \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"hljs\">\nnode5 = ListNode(<span class=\"hljs-string\">\"Moscow\"<\/span>)\n<span class=\"hljs-built_in\">print<\/span>(<span class=\"hljs-string\">\"five items (added at the end):\"<\/span>)\ntrack.append(node5)\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">for<\/span> item <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">in<\/span> track:\n    <span class=\"hljs-built_in\">print<\/span>(item.data)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2 id=\"conclusion\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%d9%86%d8%aa%db%8c%d8%ac%d9%87\"><\/span>\u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0648\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u062d\u062a\u06cc \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u067e\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0641 \u067e\u0630\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f.  \u0628\u0627 \u0686\u0646\u062f \u062e\u0637 \u06a9\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f.  \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0628\u0647\u0628\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f node counter &#8211; \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u06af\u0631\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u06af\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f.  \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0628\u0627 O(1) \u06a9\u0627\u0647\u0634 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f \u0648 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u062c\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0644 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u0637\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646\u060c \u0644\u0637\u0641\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u06a9\u062f \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646\u06cc\u06a9 \u0648 \u0622\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0628\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0644\u06a9\u0647 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u067e\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0632\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0648\u062f.  \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0637\u0645\u0626\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u06a9\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0634\u06cc\u0648\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u06af\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><script>\n                        !function(f,b,e,v,n,t,s)\n                        {if(f.fbq)return;n=f.fbq=function(){n.callMethod?\n                        n.callMethod.apply(n,arguments):n.queue.push(arguments)};\n                        if(!f._fbq)f._fbq=n;n.push=n;n.loaded=!0;n.version='2.0';\n                        n.queue=();t=b.createElement(e);t.async=!0;\n                        t.src=v;s=b.getElementsByTagName(e)(0);\n                        s.parentNode.insertBefore(t,s)}(window, document,'script',\n                        'https:\/\/connect.facebook.net\/en_US\/fbevents.js');\n                        fbq('init', '525232124909042');\n                        fbq('track', 'PageView');\n                    <\/script>    (\u0628\u0631\u0686\u0633\u0628\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647)# python<br \/>\n<br \/><br \/>\n<br \/>\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0631 1403-01-29 07:09:03<br \/>\n<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"kk-star-ratings kksr-auto kksr-align-center kksr-valign-bottom\"\n    data-payload='{&quot;align&quot;:&quot;center&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;16662&quot;,&quot;slug&quot;:&quot;default&quot;,&quot;valign&quot;:&quot;bottom&quot;,&quot;ignore&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;reference&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;,&quot;class&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;count&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;legendonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;readonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;score&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;starsonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;best&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;gap&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;greet&quot;:&quot;\u0627\u0645\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628&quot;,&quot;legend&quot;:&quot;0\\\/5 (0 \u0631\u0627\u06cc)&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;30&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0648\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646&quot;,&quot;width&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;_legend&quot;:&quot;{score}\\\/{best} ({count} \u0631\u0627\u06cc)&quot;,&quot;font_factor&quot;:&quot;1.25&quot;}'>\n            \n<div class=\"kksr-stars\">\n    \n<div class=\"kksr-stars-inactive\">\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"1\" style=\"padding-left: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 30px; height: 30px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"2\" style=\"padding-left: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 30px; height: 30px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"3\" style=\"padding-left: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 30px; height: 30px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"4\" style=\"padding-left: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 30px; height: 30px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"5\" style=\"padding-left: 5px\">\n            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30px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                \n\n<div class=\"kksr-legend\" style=\"font-size: 24px;\">\n            <span class=\"kksr-muted\">\u0627\u0645\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628<\/span>\n    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><span class=\"span-reading-time rt-reading-time\" style=\"display: block;\"><span class=\"rt-label rt-prefix\">\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0647: <\/span> <span class=\"rt-time\"> 9<\/span> <span class=\"rt-label rt-postfix\">\u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0647<\/span><\/span>\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u06cc \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u067e\u06cc\u0648\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0627\u06cc\u062c \u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u067e\u06cc\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u067e\u0634\u062a\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0641\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u0648 \u0635\u0641\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u060c \u06cc\u06a9 \u0644\u06cc\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0637\u0631\u06cc\u0642 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f. 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