{"id":17473,"date":"2024-06-10T22:36:16","date_gmt":"2024-06-10T19:06:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/%d8%b1%d9%88%d8%b4-%d9%86%d9%88%d8%b4%d8%aa%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d8%aa-%d9%87%d8%a7%db%8c-%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%ad%d8%af-%d8%af%d8%b1-%d9%be%d8%a7%db%8c%d8%aa%d9%88%d9%86-%d8%a8%d8%a7-%d9%86%d9%85\/"},"modified":"2024-06-10T22:36:16","modified_gmt":"2024-06-10T19:06:16","slug":"%d8%b1%d9%88%d8%b4-%d9%86%d9%88%d8%b4%d8%aa%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d8%aa-%d9%87%d8%a7%db%8c-%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%ad%d8%af-%d8%af%d8%b1-%d9%be%d8%a7%db%8c%d8%aa%d9%88%d9%86-%d8%a8%d8%a7-%d9%86%d9%85","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/%d8%b1%d9%88%d8%b4-%d9%86%d9%88%d8%b4%d8%aa%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d8%aa-%d9%87%d8%a7%db%8c-%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%ad%d8%af-%d8%af%d8%b1-%d9%be%d8%a7%db%8c%d8%aa%d9%88%d9%86-%d8%a8%d8%a7-%d9%86%d9%85\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0646\u0648\u0634\u062a\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u2013 \u0628\u0627 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u06a9\u062f \u062a\u0633\u062a"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_85 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\"><p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">\u0633\u0631\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628<\/p>\n<\/div><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/%d8%b1%d9%88%d8%b4-%d9%86%d9%88%d8%b4%d8%aa%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d8%aa-%d9%87%d8%a7%db%8c-%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%ad%d8%af-%d8%af%d8%b1-%d9%be%d8%a7%db%8c%d8%aa%d9%88%d9%86-%d8%a8%d8%a7-%d9%86%d9%85\/#%da%86%d8%b1%d8%a7_%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%b3%d8%b9%d9%87_%d8%af%d9%87%d9%86%d8%af%da%af%d8%a7%d9%86_%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%ac%db%8c%d8%ad_%d9%85%db%8c_%d8%af%d9%87%d9%86%d8%af_%d8%a7%d8%b2_unittest_%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%81%d8%a7%d8%af%d9%87_%da%a9%d9%86%d9%86%d8%af%d8%9f\" >\u0686\u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0647 \u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f\u06af\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u06cc\u062d \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0632 unittest \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u061f<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/%d8%b1%d9%88%d8%b4-%d9%86%d9%88%d8%b4%d8%aa%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d8%aa-%d9%87%d8%a7%db%8c-%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%ad%d8%af-%d8%af%d8%b1-%d9%be%d8%a7%db%8c%d8%aa%d9%88%d9%86-%d8%a8%d8%a7-%d9%86%d9%85\/#%d8%b1%d9%88%d8%b4_%d9%86%d9%88%d8%b4%d8%aa%d9%86_%d8%aa%d8%b3%d8%aa_%d9%87%d8%a7%db%8c_%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%ad%d8%af_%d8%a8%d8%a7_%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%ad%d8%af_%d8%aa%d8%b3%d8%aa\" >\u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0646\u0648\u0634\u062a\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0628\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u062a\u0633\u062a<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/%d8%b1%d9%88%d8%b4-%d9%86%d9%88%d8%b4%d8%aa%d9%86-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d8%aa-%d9%87%d8%a7%db%8c-%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%ad%d8%af-%d8%af%d8%b1-%d9%be%d8%a7%db%8c%d8%aa%d9%88%d9%86-%d8%a8%d8%a7-%d9%86%d9%85\/#%d9%86%d8%aa%db%8c%d8%ac%d9%87\" >\u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<span class=\"span-reading-time rt-reading-time\" style=\"display: block;\"><span class=\"rt-label rt-prefix\">\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0647: <\/span> <span class=\"rt-time\"> 7<\/span> <span class=\"rt-label rt-postfix\">\u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0647<\/span><\/span><p> <br \/>\n<\/p>\n<section class=\"post-content \" data-test-label=\"post-content\">\n<p>\u062a\u0633\u062a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 \u062a\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u06a9 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0646\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0646 \u0627\u062c\u0632\u0627 \u06cc\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0646\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0642\u06cc\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f. <\/p>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0647 \u0646\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u0631\u060c \u062a\u0642\u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0648\u0686\u06a9 \u0648 \u0645\u062c\u0632\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a.  \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u06cc \u0628\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062e\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0648 \u0627\u0637\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f.  \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646\u060c \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u0634\u06a9\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u060c \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u062d\u062a\u06cc \u0642\u0633\u0645\u062a\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0634\u06a9\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0642\u06cc\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0627\u06cc\u0632\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0648 \u0639\u06cc\u0628\u200c\u06cc\u0627\u0628\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0632 \u0637\u0631\u06cc\u0642 \u0686\u0627\u0631\u0686\u0648\u0628 \u062a\u0633\u062a unittest \u067e\u0634\u062a\u06cc\u0628\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f.  \u0686\u0627\u0631\u0686\u0648\u0628\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631\u06cc \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f pytest.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0645\u0631\u06a9\u0632 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 <code>unittest<\/code> \u0686\u0627\u0631\u0686\u0648\u0628\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0648\u0634\u062a\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0648 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u06a9\u0647 \u0686\u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0647 \u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f\u06af\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u06cc\u062d \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f. <\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0633\u062a \u0622\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u062f\u0631\u06a9 \u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0647 \u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0632\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"why-do-developers-prefer-to-use-unittest\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%da%86%d8%b1%d8%a7_%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%b3%d8%b9%d9%87_%d8%af%d9%87%d9%86%d8%af%da%af%d8%a7%d9%86_%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%ac%db%8c%d8%ad_%d9%85%db%8c_%d8%af%d9%87%d9%86%d8%af_%d8%a7%d8%b2_unittest_%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%81%d8%a7%d8%af%d9%87_%da%a9%d9%86%d9%86%d8%af%d8%9f\"><\/span>\u0686\u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0647 \u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f\u06af\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u06cc\u062d \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0632 unittest \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u061f<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0686\u0627\u0631\u0686\u0648\u0628\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06a9\u0648\u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0647\u200c\u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f\u06af\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0648\u0632 \u0647\u0645 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u06cc\u062d \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f. <code>unittest<\/code> \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u0645\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u06cc \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0622\u0646<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0648\u0644\u060c <code>unittest<\/code> \u0645\u0627\u0698\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u062e\u0634\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u062a\u0627\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a.  \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0646 \u0648 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u06af\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0641\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u06cc\u0637 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0628\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u06cc \u062a\u0636\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f.  \u0627\u062f\u063a\u0627\u0645 \u06cc\u06a9\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0686\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u06cc\u0637 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0647 \u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f\u06af\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u062d\u062a \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f <code>unittest<\/code> \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0628\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u06cc<\/p>\n<p>\u062f\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0686\u0627\u0631\u0686\u0648\u0628 \u0637\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0645\u062f\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06a9\u0648\u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646\u060c <code>unittest<\/code> \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0634\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0648 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0647\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u062f.  \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0647 \u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f\u06af\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0647 API \u0648 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0622\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u062a \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0633\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u06cc\u0637 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0686\u0647 (IDE) \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f PyCharm \u067e\u0634\u062a\u06cc\u0628\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc <code>unittest<\/code>.  \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0647\u0631\u0647 \u0648\u0631\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0647 \u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f\u06af\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u0628\u0648\u062f \u0645\u06cc \u0628\u062e\u0634\u062f \u0648 \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0631\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f process\u060c \u0627\u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u0648 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0622\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0631 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0686\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0645\u060c \u0686\u0627\u0631\u0686\u0648\u0628 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u0646\u0627\u062f \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639 \u0648 \u0628\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u0628\u06cc \u0646\u06af\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a.  \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u0647\u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f \u0648 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0647 \u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f\u06af\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0631 \u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f <code>unittest<\/code> \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634\u06cc \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627<\/p>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0698\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f <code>unittest<\/code> \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634\u060c \u0627\u0637\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u06af\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u062f \u0642\u062f\u06cc\u0645\u06cc.  \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u067e\u0630\u06cc\u0631\u0634 \u06af\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0647\u200c\u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f\u06af\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0698\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0642\u062f\u06cc\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u06cc \u0648 \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0642 \u0628\u0627 \u0686\u0627\u0631\u0686\u0648\u0628 \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634\u06cc \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0648 \u06af\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0634 \u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"how-to-write-unit-tests-with-unittest\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%d8%b1%d9%88%d8%b4_%d9%86%d9%88%d8%b4%d8%aa%d9%86_%d8%aa%d8%b3%d8%aa_%d9%87%d8%a7%db%8c_%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%ad%d8%af_%d8%a8%d8%a7_%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%ad%d8%af_%d8%aa%d8%b3%d8%aa\"><\/span>\u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0646\u0648\u0634\u062a\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0628\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u062a\u0633\u062a<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u062a\u0633\u062a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0628\u0627 <code>unittest<\/code> \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0623\u06cc\u06cc\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06a9\u0631\u062f \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u062f\u0627\u06af\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u06a9\u062f \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a.  \u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634\u06cc \u0628\u0627 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0647 \u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f <code>unittest.TestCase<\/code>.  \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f \u0686\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 TestCase \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0631\u062b \u0628\u0628\u0631\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u062e\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 <code>TestCase<\/code> \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u062f\u0639\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f.  \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u062f\u0639\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0622\u06cc\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u06cc\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06cc\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u06a9\u0647 \u0622\u06cc\u0627 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0637 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0622\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a.  \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0627\u062f\u0639\u0627 \u0646\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a \u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f \u0648 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u06cc\u06a9 \u067e\u06cc\u0627\u0645 \u062e\u0637\u0627 \u062f\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0631\u062f. <\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u060c \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f <code>TestCase<\/code> \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633<\/p>\n<p>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0648 \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0627\u062f\u0639\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0648\u0634\u062a\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u0646 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645.  \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627 \u06cc\u06a9 \u067e\u0648\u0634\u0647 \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f (\u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc) \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f <code>unit-testing<\/code>.  \u0633\u067e\u0633\u060c \u06cc\u06a9 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f <code>calculator.py<\/code> \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0634\u0645\u0627 <code>unit-testing<\/code> \u067e\u0648\u0634\u0647  \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u06a9\u062f \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u06a9\u067e\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f <code>calculator.py<\/code> \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">def add(x, y):\n    \"\"\"add numbers\"\"\"\n    return x + y\n\ndef subtract(x, y):\n    \"\"\"subtract numbers\"\"\"\n    return x - y\n\ndef divide(x, y):\n    \"\"\"divide numbers\"\"\"\n    return x \/ y\n\ndef multiply(x, y):\n    \"\"\"multiply numbers\"\"\"\n    return x * y<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u062c\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u0646 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u0645\u060c \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0686\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 (\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f) \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u06cc\u0645.  \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0637\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u06a9\u0647 \u0647\u0631 \u0642\u0633\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a.  \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0647\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u062e\u0637\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u062d\u062a\u06cc \u0622\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u06cc\u0631 \u0642\u0633\u0645\u062a \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0639\u06cc\u0628 \u06cc\u0627\u0628\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u06a9\u0647 \u0642\u0628\u0644\u0627 \u0630\u06a9\u0631 \u0634\u062f\u060c \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0627 <code>unittest<\/code> \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0632 <code>unittest.TestCase<\/code> \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0648 \u0633\u067e\u0633 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u0645\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062c\u0632\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627. <\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0647 \u0686\u06af\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc\u0645 <code>add<\/code> \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06a9\u0631\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u0646 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0634\u0645\u0627  \u062f\u0631 \u0634\u0645\u0627 <code>unit-testing<\/code> \u067e\u0648\u0634\u0647\u060c \u06cc\u06a9 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f <code>test_calculator.py<\/code> \u0648 \u0633\u067e\u0633 \u06a9\u062f \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0646 \u06a9\u067e\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">import unittest\nimport calculator\n\nclass TestCalculator(unittest.TestCase):\n    def test_add(self):\n        self.assertEqual(calculator.add(1, 2), 3)\n        self.assertEqual(calculator.add(-1, 1), 0)\n        self.assertEqual(calculator.add(-1, -1), -2)\n        self.assertEqual(calculator.add(0, 0), 0)<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0648 \u062f\u0648 \u06a9\u062f \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u06cc\u062f <code>unittest<\/code> \u0648 \u0634\u0645\u0627 <code>calculator<\/code> \u0645\u0627\u0698\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0627  \u0633\u067e\u0633 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u06cc\u062f <code>TestCalculator<\/code> \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633\u060c \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0632 the \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0631\u062b \u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u062f <code>TestCase<\/code> \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 <\/p>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0637 \u067e\u0646\u062c \u06a9\u062f \u062e\u0648\u062f\u060c a \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u06cc\u0641 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u06cc\u062f <code>test_add<\/code> \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0634\u0645\u0627  \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0647\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a <code>self<\/code> \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0622\u0646  \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646\u062c\u0627 \u06a9\u0647 <code>self<\/code> \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0632 <code>TestCalculator<\/code> \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0622\u0646 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f <code>assertEqual<\/code> \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 <code>TestCase<\/code> \u06a9\u0644\u0627\u0633\u060c \u06a9\u0647 <code>TestCalculator<\/code> \u0627\u0631\u062b \u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0632.<\/p>\n<p>\u0631\u0627 <code>assertEqual<\/code> \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0622\u06cc\u0627 \u062f\u0648 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u06cc\u0627 \u062e\u06cc\u0631.  \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">self.assertEqual(first, second, msg=None)<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0642\u0628\u0644\u060c <code>first<\/code> \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0622\u0646 \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f <code>second<\/code> \u0627\u0631\u0632\u0634. <code>msg<\/code> \u0627\u062e\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u067e\u06cc\u0627\u0645 \u0633\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0634\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0641\u0642\u06cc\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u062f\u0639\u0627 \u062f\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0631\u062f.  \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0627\u0631\u0632\u0634\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc <code>msg<\/code>\u060c \u06cc\u06a9 \u067e\u06cc\u0627\u0645 \u067e\u06cc\u0634 \u0641\u0631\u0636 \u062f\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u06cc\u062d \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0636\u06cc\u062d \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 <code>assertEqual<\/code> \u062f\u0631 \u0634\u0645\u0627 <code>test_add<\/code> \u0631\u0648\u0634.  \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u062f\u0639\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u0645\u0627\u060c <code>self.assertEqual(add(1, 2), 3)<\/code> \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0622\u06cc\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0632 <code>add(1, 2)<\/code> \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0627 3 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 3 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u06af\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f.  \u062f\u0631 \u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc \u0627\u0641\u062a\u062f \u0648 \u067e\u06cc\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u0645\u0628\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f.  \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u06cc\u062d \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0642\u06cc\u0647 \u0627\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646\u060c \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0631 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u062f <code>test_add<\/code> \u0631\u0648\u0634.  \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u0636\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0637\u06cc\u0641 \u06af\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0645\u06a9\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u06a9\u062f \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u06cc \u067e\u0648\u0634\u0634 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f.  \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062c\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0641\u06a9\u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0631 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0622\u0645\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a <code>test_add<\/code> \u0631\u0648\u0634:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u062f\u0648 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a (<code>self.assertEqual(calculator.add(1, 2), 3)<\/code>).<\/li>\n<li>\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0641\u06cc \u0648 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a (<code>self.assertEqual(calculator.add(-1, 1), 0)<\/code>).<\/li>\n<li>\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u062f\u0648 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0641\u06cc (<code>self.assertEqual(calculator.add(-1, -1), -2)<\/code>).<\/li>\n<li>\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u062f\u0648 \u0635\u0641\u0631 (<code>self.assertEqual(calculator.add(0, 0), 0)<\/code>).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0627\u06a9\u0646\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0633\u062a \u062e\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u06cc\u062f <code>unit-testing<\/code> \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0634\u0645\u0627 terminal \u0648 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n<pre><code>python -m unittest test_calculator.py<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0628\u0627 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0642\u0628\u0644\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u063a\u0627\u0645 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a terminal:<\/p>\n<pre><code>.\n----------------------------------------------------------------------\nRan 1 test in 0.000s\n\nOK<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0641\u0642\u06cc\u062a \u0622\u0645\u06cc\u0632 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0637\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u06a9\u0647 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0647 \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0631\u06af\u0631\u062f\u06cc\u062f <code>calculator.py<\/code> \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0648 \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f (<code>+<\/code>) \u0627\u067e\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0634\u0645\u0627 <code>add<\/code> \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0641\u0631\u06cc\u0642 (<code>-<\/code>)\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u06cc\u0646:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">def add(x, y):\n    \"\"\"add numbers\"\"\"\n    return x - y<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0647\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062c\u062f\u062f \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f <code>AssertionError<\/code> \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0634\u06a9\u0633\u062a \u062e\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a:<\/p>\n<pre><code>Traceback (most recent call last):\n  File \"...\/test_calculator.py\", line 6, in test_add\n    self.assertEqual(calculator.add(1, 2), 3)\nAssertionError: -1 != 3\n\n----------------------------------------------------------------------\nRan 1 test in 0.000s<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0645\u0645\u06a9\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u062a\u0639\u062c\u0628 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0686\u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631\u062c \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f <code>unittest<\/code> \u0645\u0627\u0698\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u062c\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 <code>python test_calculator.py<\/code>.  \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0646\u0648\u0632 \u0646\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u062f \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u062f <code>test_calculator.py<\/code> \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0627\u0633\u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u067e\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644  \u067e\u0633 \u062f\u0648\u06cc\u062f\u0646 <code>python test_calculator.py<\/code> \u0647\u06cc\u0686 \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f <\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0646 \u062e\u0648\u062f\u062a <code>test_calculator.py<\/code> \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0627\u0633\u06a9\u0631\u06cc\u067e\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u060c \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f <code>test_calculator.py<\/code> \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">if __name__ == \"__main__\":\n    unittest.main()<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 <code>unittest<\/code> \u0645\u0627\u0698\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u06a9\u0644\u0645\u0647 \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f <code>test<\/code>\u060c \u062f\u0631 \u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a\u060c \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f. <\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u060c \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f <code>test_add<\/code> \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0628\u0647 <code>add_test<\/code> \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u06cc\u0646:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">class TestCalculator(unittest.TestCase):\n    def add_test(self):\n        self.assertEqual(calculator.add(1, 2), 3)\n        self.assertEqual(calculator.add(-1, 1), 0)\n        self.assertEqual(calculator.add(-1, -1), -2)\n        self.assertEqual(calculator.add(0, 0), 0)<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f <code>python test_calculator.py<\/code>\u060c \u067e\u06cc\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0631\u062f:<\/p>\n<pre><code>----------------------------------------------------------------------\nRan 0 tests in 0.000s\n\nOK<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc \u0642\u0628\u0644\u06cc \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0635\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u062f.  \u0627\u06a9\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0622\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f <code>test_add<\/code>.  \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u067e\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0642\u0633\u0645\u062a \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f <code>add<\/code> \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06a9\u0631\u062f \u0634\u0645\u0627 <code>calculator.py<\/code> \u0628\u0627\u0632\u06af\u0634\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0648\u062f\u0646 (<code>+<\/code>).  \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f <code>python test_calculator.py<\/code> \u0648 \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u06cc \u0642\u0628\u0644\u06cc \u0645\u0642\u0627\u06cc\u0633\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0631\u0648\u06cc\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0647 \u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f\u06af\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0627\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f.  \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0646\u060c \u0646\u0648\u0634\u062a\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a. <\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646 a \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f <code>ZeroDivisionError<\/code> \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0628\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u062f \u0647\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631 \u0635\u0641\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.  \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f <code>unittest<\/code> \u0645\u0627\u0698\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc. <\/p>\n<p>\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u060c \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f <code>test_calculator.py<\/code> \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f <code>divide<\/code> \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">import unittest\nimport calculator\n\nclass TestMathOperations(unittest.TestCase):\n    def test_add(self):\n        self.assertEqual(calculator.add(1, 2), 3)\n        self.assertEqual(calculator.add(-1, 1), 0)\n        self.assertEqual(calculator.add(-1, -1), -2)\n        self.assertEqual(calculator.add(0, 0), 0)\n\n    def test_divide(self):\n        self.assertEqual(calculator.divide(10, 2), 5)\n        self.assertEqual(calculator.divide(9, 3), 3)\n        self.assertEqual(calculator.divide(-6, 2), -3)\n        self.assertEqual(calculator.divide(0, 1), 0)\n        with self.assertRaises(ZeroDivisionError):\n            calculator.divide(10, 0)\n\nif __name__ == \"__main__\":\n    unittest.main()<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u062f \u0642\u0628\u0644\u06cc\u060c \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u0634\u0645\u0627 <code>test_divide<\/code> \u0645\u062a\u062f \u0645\u0642\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0631 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f <code>test_add<\/code> \u0631\u0648\u0634.  \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u06a9\u062f \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f <code>assertRaises<\/code>. <code>assertRaises<\/code> \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 <code>unittest<\/code> \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u06a9\u0647 \u0622\u06cc\u0627 \u06a9\u062f \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u06cc\u0627 \u062e\u06cc\u0631.  \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062c\u0627\u060c \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u06cc\u062f <code>ZeroDivisionError<\/code>.<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0646\u060c \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0627\u06a9\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f\u060c \u067e\u06cc\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0631\u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0648 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f (<code>..<\/code>) \u0648 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0648 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0641\u0642\u06cc\u062a \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n<pre><code>..\n----------------------------------------------------------------------\nRan 2 tests in 0.000s\n\nOK<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2 id=\"conclusion\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%d9%86%d8%aa%db%8c%d8%ac%d9%87\"><\/span>\u0646\u062a\u06cc\u062c\u0647<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0647 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a <code>unittest<\/code> \u0686\u0627\u0631\u0686\u0648\u0628 \u062a\u0633\u062a <\/p>\n<p>\u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0647\u0645\u06cc\u062a \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0648 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0622\u0645\u0648\u062e\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u062f <code>unittest<\/code> \u0647\u0646\u0648\u0632 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u062d\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0647 \u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f\u06af\u0627\u0646 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a.  \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646\u060c \u06cc\u0627\u062f \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0686\u06af\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0622\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc\u062f <code>add<\/code> \u0648 <code>divide<\/code> \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u0646 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627. <\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u060c \u0627\u06a9\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0637\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0637\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u062f \u06a9\u062f \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0642\u0648\u06cc \u062a\u0631 \u0648 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0646\u06af\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u062a\u0631 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f.  \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u0648\u06cc\u0642 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0646\u0648\u0634\u062a\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0642\u06cc\u0647 \u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f <code>subtract<\/code> \u0648 <code>multiply<\/code> \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u0646 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0634\u0645\u0627<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<p><br \/>\n<br \/>\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0631 1403-06-10 22:36:12<br \/>\n<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"kk-star-ratings kksr-auto kksr-align-center kksr-valign-bottom\"\n    data-payload='{&quot;align&quot;:&quot;center&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;17473&quot;,&quot;slug&quot;:&quot;default&quot;,&quot;valign&quot;:&quot;bottom&quot;,&quot;ignore&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;reference&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;,&quot;class&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;count&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;legendonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;readonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;score&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;starsonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;best&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;gap&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;greet&quot;:&quot;\u0627\u0645\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628&quot;,&quot;legend&quot;:&quot;0\\\/5 (0 \u0631\u0627\u06cc)&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;30&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;\u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0646\u0648\u0634\u062a\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u2013 \u0628\u0627 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u06a9\u062f \u062a\u0633\u062a&quot;,&quot;width&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;_legend&quot;:&quot;{score}\\\/{best} ({count} \u0631\u0627\u06cc)&quot;,&quot;font_factor&quot;:&quot;1.25&quot;}'>\n            \n<div class=\"kksr-stars\">\n    \n<div class=\"kksr-stars-inactive\">\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"1\" style=\"padding-left: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 30px; height: 30px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"2\" style=\"padding-left: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 30px; height: 30px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"3\" style=\"padding-left: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 30px; height: 30px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"4\" style=\"padding-left: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 30px; height: 30px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"5\" style=\"padding-left: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 30px; height: 30px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    \n<div class=\"kksr-stars-active\" style=\"width: 0px;\">\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-left: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 30px; height: 30px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-left: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 30px; height: 30px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-left: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 30px; height: 30px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-left: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 30px; height: 30px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-left: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 30px; height: 30px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                \n\n<div class=\"kksr-legend\" style=\"font-size: 24px;\">\n            <span class=\"kksr-muted\">\u0627\u0645\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628<\/span>\n    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><span class=\"span-reading-time rt-reading-time\" style=\"display: block;\"><span class=\"rt-label rt-prefix\">\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0647: <\/span> <span class=\"rt-time\"> 7<\/span> <span class=\"rt-label rt-postfix\">\u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0647<\/span><\/span>\u062a\u0633\u062a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 \u062a\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u06a9 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0646\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0646 \u0627\u062c\u0632\u0627 \u06cc\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0646\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0642\u06cc\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0647 \u0646\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u0631\u060c \u062a\u0642\u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0648\u0686\u06a9 \u0648 \u0645\u062c\u0632\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062f\u0647\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u06cc \u0628\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0633\u06cc\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062e\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":17474,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1743],"tags":[1748,1958,1925,1779,1744,639,2750,2123,2002,2552,2098,2958,2005,1745,1785,3392],"class_list":["post-17473","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-python","tag-python-hosting","tag-1958","tag----django","tag-1779","tag-1744","tag-639","tag-2750","tag-2123","tag-python","tag-2552","tag-2098","tag-2958","tag-2005","tag-1745","tag-1785","tag-3392"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17473","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17473"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17473\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/17474"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17473"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=17473"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=17473"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}