{"id":18815,"date":"2025-02-20T04:43:18","date_gmt":"2025-02-20T01:13:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/%d9%85%d8%af%db%8c%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%aa-%da%a9%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a8%d8%b1-%d8%b1%d8%a7-%d8%af%d8%b1-rhel-%d8%a8%db%8c%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%88%d8%b2%db%8c%d8%af-%db%8c%da%a9-%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%87%d9%86%d9%85%d8%a7\/"},"modified":"2025-02-20T04:43:18","modified_gmt":"2025-02-20T01:13:18","slug":"%d9%85%d8%af%db%8c%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%aa-%da%a9%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a8%d8%b1-%d8%b1%d8%a7-%d8%af%d8%b1-rhel-%d8%a8%db%8c%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%88%d8%b2%db%8c%d8%af-%db%8c%da%a9-%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%87%d9%86%d9%85%d8%a7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/%d9%85%d8%af%db%8c%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%aa-%da%a9%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a8%d8%b1-%d8%b1%d8%a7-%d8%af%d8%b1-rhel-%d8%a8%db%8c%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%88%d8%b2%db%8c%d8%af-%db%8c%da%a9-%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%87%d9%86%d9%85%d8%a7\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 RHEL \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0632\u06cc\u062f: \u06cc\u06a9 \u0631\u0627\u0647\u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_85 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\"><p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">\u0633\u0631\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628<\/p>\n<\/div><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/%d9%85%d8%af%db%8c%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%aa-%da%a9%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a8%d8%b1-%d8%b1%d8%a7-%d8%af%d8%b1-rhel-%d8%a8%db%8c%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%88%d8%b2%db%8c%d8%af-%db%8c%da%a9-%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%87%d9%86%d9%85%d8%a7\/#%d9%81%d9%87%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%aa_%d9%85%d8%b7%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a8\" >\u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/%d9%85%d8%af%db%8c%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%aa-%da%a9%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a8%d8%b1-%d8%b1%d8%a7-%d8%af%d8%b1-rhel-%d8%a8%db%8c%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%88%d8%b2%db%8c%d8%af-%db%8c%da%a9-%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%87%d9%86%d9%85%d8%a7\/#%da%a9%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a8%d8%b1_%d8%af%d8%b1_%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86%d9%88%da%a9%d8%b3_%da%86%db%8c%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%9f\" >\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633 \u0686\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u061f<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/%d9%85%d8%af%db%8c%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%aa-%da%a9%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a8%d8%b1-%d8%b1%d8%a7-%d8%af%d8%b1-rhel-%d8%a8%db%8c%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%88%d8%b2%db%8c%d8%af-%db%8c%da%a9-%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%87%d9%86%d9%85%d8%a7\/#%d8%af%d8%b1%da%a9_sudo_%d8%af%d8%b1_%d9%85%d8%af%db%8c%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%aa_%da%a9%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a8%d8%b1\" >\u062f\u0631\u06a9 sudo \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/%d9%85%d8%af%db%8c%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%aa-%da%a9%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a8%d8%b1-%d8%b1%d8%a7-%d8%af%d8%b1-rhel-%d8%a8%db%8c%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%88%d8%b2%db%8c%d8%af-%db%8c%da%a9-%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%87%d9%86%d9%85%d8%a7\/#%d8%af%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%aa_%d9%85%d8%af%db%8c%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%aa_%da%a9%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a8%d8%b1_%d8%af%d8%b1_%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86%d9%88%da%a9%d8%b3\" 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href=\"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/%d9%85%d8%af%db%8c%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%aa-%da%a9%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a8%d8%b1-%d8%b1%d8%a7-%d8%af%d8%b1-rhel-%d8%a8%db%8c%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%88%d8%b2%db%8c%d8%af-%db%8c%da%a9-%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%87%d9%86%d9%85%d8%a7\/#%d8%b1%d9%88%d8%b4_%d8%a7%d8%ae%d8%aa%d8%b5%d8%a7%d8%b5_%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%b2_%d8%b9%d8%a8%d9%88%d8%b1\" >\u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/%d9%85%d8%af%db%8c%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%aa-%da%a9%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a8%d8%b1-%d8%b1%d8%a7-%d8%af%d8%b1-rhel-%d8%a8%db%8c%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%88%d8%b2%db%8c%d8%af-%db%8c%da%a9-%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%87%d9%86%d9%85%d8%a7\/#%d8%b1%d9%88%d8%b4_%d8%aa%d8%ba%db%8c%db%8c%d8%b1_%da%a9%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%86\" >\u0631\u0648\u0634 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/%d9%85%d8%af%db%8c%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%aa-%da%a9%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a8%d8%b1-%d8%b1%d8%a7-%d8%af%d8%b1-rhel-%d8%a8%db%8c%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%88%d8%b2%db%8c%d8%af-%db%8c%da%a9-%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%87%d9%86%d9%85%d8%a7\/#%d8%af%d8%b1%da%a9_%da%af%d8%b1%d9%88%d9%87_%d9%87%d8%a7_%d8%af%d8%b1_%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86%d9%88%da%a9%d8%b3\" >\u062f\u0631\u06a9 \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/%d9%85%d8%af%db%8c%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%aa-%da%a9%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a8%d8%b1-%d8%b1%d8%a7-%d8%af%d8%b1-rhel-%d8%a8%db%8c%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%88%d8%b2%db%8c%d8%af-%db%8c%da%a9-%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%87%d9%86%d9%85%d8%a7\/#%d8%b1%d9%88%d8%b4_%d8%a7%d8%b5%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%ad_%da%a9%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a8%d8%b1\" >\u0631\u0648\u0634 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data-test-label=\"post-content\">\n<p>\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u062f. \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0647\u06cc\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u060c \u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u061f \u0628\u0631\u062e\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0622\u0632\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u067e\u0631\u0633\u0647 \u0628\u0632\u0646\u0646\u062f \u060c \u0628\u0631\u062e\u06cc \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u062a\u0627\u0642 \u0646\u0634\u06cc\u0645\u0646 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\u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f. \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u060c \u0627\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0639 \u06a9\u062b\u06cc\u0641 \u0634\u0648\u062f &#8211; \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0622\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u06cc \u062f\u06cc \u062c\u06cc \u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u062a\u06cc \u06a9\u0633\u06cc \u0646\u0645\u06cc \u067e\u0631\u0633\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u060c \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0634\u06cc\u0631\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0632\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0648 \u0627\u0637\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u060c \u0627\u06cc\u0645\u0646 \u0648 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u06cc \u0645\u06cc \u0645\u0627\u0646\u062f! \ud83d\ude80<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"heading-table-of-contents\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%d9%81%d9%87%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%aa_%d9%85%d8%b7%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a8\"><\/span>\u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p>\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633 \u0686\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u061f<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u062f\u0631\u06a9 sudo \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u0631\u0648\u0634 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u062f\u0631\u06a9 \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u0633\u062e\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u06cc<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2 id=\"heading-what-is-a-user-in-linux\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%da%a9%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a8%d8%b1_%d8%af%d8%b1_%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86%d9%88%da%a9%d8%b3_%da%86%db%8c%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%9f\"><\/span><strong>\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633 \u0686\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u061f<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0633\u06cc \u0627\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f (\u06cc\u0627 process) \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0627 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645. \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646\u062c\u0627 \u06a9\u0647 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0686\u0646\u062f \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u060c \u0686\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0646\u062f \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u060c \u0647\u0631 \u06a9\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0646\u0638\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u062a \u060c \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0645\u062c\u0648\u0632\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f. \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0633\u0637\u0648\u062d \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u062c\u0648\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0646\u062f \u060c \u06a9\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0686\u0647 \u0686\u06cc\u0632\u06cc \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u06cc\u0627 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0647 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0645\u0628\u062a\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u0631 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0647 \u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0646\u0642\u0634 \u0648 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p>\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632: \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0646\u0627\u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0644 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f. \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0645\u062c\u0648\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0647\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0646\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0648 \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f \u060c \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f \u060c \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u06cc\u0627 \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u062d\u062a\u06cc \u0647\u0645\u0647 \u0686\u06cc\u0632 \u0631\u0627 \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f root \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645: \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0641\u0631\u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0633 \u0632\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u06cc\u0627 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f. \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f. \u062a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0646\u06a9\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u060c \u0633\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0648\u0628 \u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0631\u06cc\u0632\u06cc \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u06cc: \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0632\u0645\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0633\u0631\u067e\u0631\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u06cc\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0647\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f. \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u062e\u0627\u0646\u06af\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0634\u062e\u0635\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0630\u062e\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f. \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0648\u0638\u0627\u06cc\u0641 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3 id=\"heading-understanding-sudo-in-user-management\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%d8%af%d8%b1%da%a9_sudo_%d8%af%d8%b1_%d9%85%d8%af%db%8c%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%aa_%da%a9%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a8%d8%b1\"><\/span>\u062f\u0631\u06a9 <code>sudo<\/code> \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 <code>sudo<\/code> (Superuser Do) \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0647\u062f. \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646\u062c\u0627 \u06a9\u0647 \u0648\u0638\u0627\u06cc\u0641 \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 &#8211; \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0648\u062f\u0646 \u060c \u0627\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u06cc\u0627 \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 &#8211; \u062f\u0631\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f root \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u060c \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f <code>sudo<\/code> \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f root \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u06cc \u0639\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u060c \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f <code>sudo<\/code> \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0638\u0627\u06cc\u0641 \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631.<\/p>\n<p>\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0628\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u0686\u06af\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0631\u0648\u06cc Rhel<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"heading-user-management-commands-in-linux\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%d8%af%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%aa_%d9%85%d8%af%db%8c%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%aa_%da%a9%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a8%d8%b1_%d8%af%d8%b1_%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86%d9%88%da%a9%d8%b3\"><\/span>\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3 id=\"heading-how-to-add-a-user\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%d8%b1%d9%88%d8%b4_%d8%a7%d8%b6%d8%a7%d9%81%d9%87_%da%a9%d8%b1%d8%af%d9%86_%da%a9%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a8%d8%b1\"><\/span>\u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u06cc \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u060c \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n<p>\u0646\u062d\u0648:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"lang-bash\">useradd [user_name]\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"lang-bash\">useradd Tanishka <span class=\"hljs-comment\"># Root user<\/span>\nsudo useradd Tanishka <span class=\"hljs-comment\"># Normal user<\/span>\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u067e\u0633 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u060c \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 <code>\/etc\/passwd<\/code> \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u06cc \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0630\u062e\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f (\u0627\u0645\u0627 <strong>\u0631\u0645\u0632\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a<\/strong>\u060c \u0628\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0646\u0627\u0645).<\/p>\n<h4 id=\"heading-how-to-check-if-a-user-is-created\">\u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/h4>\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0623\u06cc\u06cc\u062f \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u062f\u0631 <code>\/etc\/passwd<\/code>\u060c \u0627\u0632 \u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0648\u0634\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 <code>cat<\/code> \u06cc\u0627 <code>grep<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<pre><code class=\"lang-bash\">cat \/etc\/passwd <span class=\"hljs-comment\"># Displays entire file content<\/span>\ngrep Tanishka \/etc\/passwd <span class=\"hljs-comment\"># Displays information about Tanishka user only<\/span>\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li>\u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 <code>id<\/code> \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f <strong>UID (\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631) \u060c GID (\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0647 \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647) \u0648 \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0647 \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f<\/strong>\u0628\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0623\u06cc\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0648 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0645\u062c\u0648\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"lang-bash\">id Tanishka\n<span class=\"hljs-comment\"># Displays user id of Tanishka,<\/span>\n<span class=\"hljs-comment\"># hence verifying user has been created<\/span>\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0628\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0641\u0647\u0645\u06cc\u0645 \u0686\u0647 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u06cc \u0645\u06cc \u0627\u0641\u062a\u062f \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0642\u0633\u0645\u062a \u0647\u0627\u06cc \/etc \/\u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631. \u0647\u0631 \u062e\u0637 \u062f\u0631 <code>\/etc\/passwd<\/code> \u06cc\u06a9 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f \u0648 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0641\u062a \u0642\u0633\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0632 \u0647\u0645 \u062c\u062f\u0627 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 Colons (<code>:<\/code>):<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"lang-bash\">username:x:UID:GID:comment:home_directory:shell\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"hn-table\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0645\u0632\u0631\u0639\u0647<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>\u0634\u0631\u062d<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0646\u0627\u0645 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u06cc<\/td>\n<td>\u0646\u0627\u0645 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 (\u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u060c \u062c\u0627\u0646 \u060c \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>x<\/td>\n<td>\u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u06af\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631 (\u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \/etc \/ \/\u0633\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u0630\u062e\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u06cc\u062f\u06a9<\/td>\n<td>\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 (\u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u060c 1001 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u06a9 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u060c 0 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc root).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u06af\u06cc\u062f<\/td>\n<td>\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0647 \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647 (\u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u062a\u0641\u0633\u06cc\u0631<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u0648\u0636\u06cc\u062d\u0627\u062a \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u06cc (\u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u060c \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u06cc\u0627 \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>home_directory<\/td>\n<td>\u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 (\u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \/\u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647 \/\u062c\u0627\u0646).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u067e\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0647<\/td>\n<td>\u067e\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u067e\u06cc\u0634 \u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 (\u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u060c \/\u0633\u0637\u0644 \/bash\u060c\/bin\/sh \u060c\/usr\/sbin\/nologin).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<h3 id=\"heading-how-to-assign-a-password\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%d8%b1%d9%88%d8%b4_%d8%a7%d8%ae%d8%aa%d8%b5%d8%a7%d8%b5_%d8%b1%d9%85%d8%b2_%d8%b9%d8%a8%d9%88%d8%b1\"><\/span>\u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u067e\u0633 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u06cc \u060c \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u062f\u0631 \u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u060c \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0646\u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u0637\u0631\u06cc\u0642 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0647 GUI \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0634\u0648\u062f. \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u06cc \u060c \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n<p>\u0646\u062d\u0648:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"lang-bash\">passwd [user_name]\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"lang-bash\">passwd Tanishka\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0627\u0632 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f. \u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0648 \u0647\u0645\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u06cc\u0645 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u062f! \u062d\u062a\u06cc \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647 \/etc \/passwd \u0630\u062e\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u062f \u060c \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647 \/etc \/ \/\u0633\u0627\u06cc\u0647 \u0630\u062e\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f (\u0639\u062c\u06cc\u0628 \u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0645 &#8230;).<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u06cc\u062f\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647 \/etc \/Shadow \u060c \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"lang-bash\">cat \/etc\/shadow\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0647\u0631 \u062e\u0637 \u062f\u0631 <code>\/etc\/shadow<\/code> \u06cc\u06a9 \u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f \u0648 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0646\u0647 \u0642\u0633\u0645\u062a \u062c\u062f\u0627 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 Colons (<code>:<\/code>):<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"lang-bash\">username:password:lastchg:min:max:warn:inactive:expire:reserved\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<div class=\"hn-table\">\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0645\u0632\u0631\u0639\u0647<\/td>\n<td>\u0634\u0631\u062d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0646\u0627\u0645 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u06cc<\/td>\n<td>\u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0631\u0645\u0632<\/td>\n<td>\u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0631\u0645\u0632\u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u06cc\u0627 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u06cc\u062a \u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631 (\u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u060c \u0642\u0641\u0644 \u0634\u062f\u0647)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0622\u062e\u0631\u06cc\u0646\u0686<\/td>\n<td>\u0622\u062e\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631 (\u0631\u0648\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0698\u0627\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0647 1970)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0642\u0644<\/td>\n<td>\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0642\u0644 \u0631\u0648\u0632 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u062d\u062f\u0627\u06a9\u062b\u0631<\/td>\n<td>\u062d\u062f\u0627\u06a9\u062b\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0632 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0632 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0647\u0634\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0646<\/td>\n<td>\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0647\u0634\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u063a\u06cc\u0631 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644<\/td>\n<td>\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u063a\u06cc\u0631\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u067e\u0633 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0645\u0646\u0642\u0636\u06cc \u0634\u062f\u0646<\/td>\n<td>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 (\u0631\u0648\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0698\u0627\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0647 1970)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0648\u0638<\/td>\n<td>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0631\u0632\u0631\u0648 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u067e\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u060c \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f <code>chage<\/code> (\u06a9\u0648\u062a\u0627\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0633\u0646) \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0627\u06cc\u0646:<\/p>\n<p>\u0646\u062d\u0648:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"lang-bash\">chage [OPTIONS] [user_name]\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"lang-bash\">chage -l tanishka <span class=\"hljs-comment\"># Lists the current password aging information<\/span>\nchage -m 10 tanishka <span class=\"hljs-comment\"># Sets the minimum days to change password<\/span>\nchage -M 10 tanishka <span class=\"hljs-comment\"># Sets the maximum days password must be changed<\/span>\nchage -W 7 tanishka <span class=\"hljs-comment\"># Sets the number of days before the password expires that the user will be warned to change the password<\/span>\nchage -I 10 tanishka <span class=\"hljs-comment\"># Sets the number of days after password expiration that the account will be disabled if not logged in<\/span>\nchage -E 1404-12-31 tanishka <span class=\"hljs-comment\"># Sets the date when the user account will expire <\/span>\nchage -d 1403-12-25 tanishka <span class=\"hljs-comment\"># Sets the last password change date<\/span>\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0627\u06a9\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u06a9\u0647 \u0622\u0645\u0648\u062e\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0648 \u0631\u0645\u0632\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f \u060c \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u062f\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0686\u06af\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0628\u062c\u0627 \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f. \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u06a9\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0628\u06cc\u0646\u06cc\u0645.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"heading-how-to-switch-users\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%d8%b1%d9%88%d8%b4_%d8%aa%d8%ba%db%8c%db%8c%d8%b1_%da%a9%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a8%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%86\"><\/span>\u0631\u0648\u0634 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 <code>su<\/code> (\u062c\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0632\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631) \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f <strong>\u0627\u0632 \u06cc\u06a9 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f<\/strong> \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u062c\u0644\u0633\u0647 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u06cc.<\/p>\n<p>\u0646\u062d\u0648:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"lang-bash\">su - [user_name]\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"lang-bash\">su - Tanishka <span class=\"hljs-comment\"># Switches to Tanishka user<\/span>\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><code>su<\/code>  \u0645\u062e\u0641\u0641 &#8220;\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u062c\u0627\u06cc\u06af\u0632\u06cc\u0646&#8221; (\u06cc\u0627 &#8220;\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0633\u0648\u0626\u06cc\u0686&#8221;) \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 <code>-<\/code> (Hyphen) \u0645\u062d\u06cc\u0637 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0647\u062f\u0641 \u060c \u0627\u0632 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u062a \u067e\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u060c \u0645\u0633\u06cc\u0631 \u0648 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f (\u0634\u0628\u06cc\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0646\u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u060c \u0628\u0647 \u0622\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u06cc \u06cc\u0627\u0628\u062f root \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u067e\u06cc\u0634 \u0641\u0631\u0636.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u0632\u06af\u0634\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0635\u0644 \u06cc\u0627 root \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u060c \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u062f\u06af\u06cc &#8220;\u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c&#8221; \u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"heading-understanding-groups-in-linux\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%d8%af%d8%b1%da%a9_%da%af%d8%b1%d9%88%d9%87_%d9%87%d8%a7_%d8%af%d8%b1_%d9%84%db%8c%d9%86%d9%88%da%a9%d8%b3\"><\/span>\u062f\u0631\u06a9 \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u06cc \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0646\u062f \u060c \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633 \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f \u0628\u062e\u0634\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0645\u062c\u0648\u0632\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0646\u062f. \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0641\u0627\u06cc\u0644 \u060c \u0627\u0645\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0648 \u06a9\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0644 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633 \u062f\u0648 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f:<\/p>\n<p><strong>1. \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u0647\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u0648\u0642\u062a\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u06cc\u06a9 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f \u060c \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0647 \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u06cc \u0646\u0627\u0645\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>2. \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0647:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0647 \u0686\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u0646 \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062c\u0648\u0632\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647 \u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0647 \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06a9 \u0628\u0647 \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0647 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u062f\u0627\u062f.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0639\u0636\u0648\u06cc\u062a \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"lang-bash\">id [user_name]\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 UID \u060c \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647 \u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0647 (GID) \u0648 \u0647\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0647 \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0647 \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u060c \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0648\u062f\u0646 \u06cc\u06a9 \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647 \u062c\u062f\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"lang-bash\">groupadd [group_name]\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3 id=\"heading-how-to-modify-a-user\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%d8%b1%d9%88%d8%b4_%d8%a7%d8%b5%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%ad_%da%a9%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a8%d8%b1\"><\/span>\u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u0628\u0639\u0636\u06cc \u0627\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u060c \u0645\u0645\u06a9\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0648\u0632\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u062c\u0632\u0626\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u060c \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u06cc \u060c \u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u06cc \u060c \u0639\u0636\u0648\u06cc\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647 \u060c \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062e\u0627\u0646\u06af\u06cc \u06cc\u0627 \u067e\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u062f. \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0632 <code>usermod<\/code> \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0641\u0638 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u0646\u062d\u0648:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"lang-bash\">usermod [OPTIONS] [user_name]\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0628\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u062f \u06af\u0632\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u0632\u06cc\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u0646\u0627\u0645 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0645\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f \u060c \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f <code>-l<\/code> \u06af\u0632\u06cc\u0646\u0647:<\/p>\n<p>\u0646\u062d\u0648:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"lang-bash\">usermod -l new_username old_username\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"lang-bash\">usermod -l tanishkamakode tanishka\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f <code>tanishka<\/code> \u0628\u0647 <code>tanishkamakode<\/code>\u0628\u0634\u0631 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0628\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a (<code>\/home\/tanishka<\/code>) \u060c \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0645\u06a9\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u062f\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"lang-bash\">mv \/home\/tanishka \/home\/tanishkamakode\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li><strong>\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u0647\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u062d\u0635\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u0641\u0631\u062f (UID) \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0622\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062f \u060c \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f <code>-u<\/code>\u0628\u0634\u0631<\/p>\n<p>\u0646\u062d\u0648:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"lang-bash\">usermod -u new_UID user_name\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"lang-bash\">usermod -u 2001 tanishka\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f <code>tanishka<\/code>uid to <code>2001<\/code>\u0628\u0634\u0631 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u060c \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u062f <strong>\u0627\u0637\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0647\u06cc\u0686 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u062f\u06cc\u06af\u0631\u06cc UID \u06cc\u06a9\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f.<\/strong> \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u062d\u062a UID \u0642\u062f\u06cc\u0645\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a \u060c \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u067e\u0633 \u0627\u0632 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 UID \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0648\u0632 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li><strong>\u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u0647\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0622\u0646 \u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f <code>-g<\/code>\u0628\u0634\u0631<\/p>\n<p>\u0646\u062d\u0648:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"lang-bash\">usermod -g new_group user_name\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"lang-bash\">usermod -g developers tanishka\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f <code>tanishka<\/code>\u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0628\u0647 <code>developers<\/code>\u0628\u0634\u0631 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0628\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 <code>usermod -g developers tanishka<\/code> <strong>\u062d\u0630\u0641 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646<\/strong> \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0647\u0645\u0647 \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0647. \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0644\u0648\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u0631 \u060c \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u064b \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0644\u0632\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u062f\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u060c \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f. \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647 \u060c \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n<p>\u0646\u062d\u0648:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"lang-bash\">groupadd [group_name]\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"lang-bash\">groupadd developers\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0627\u06a9\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u060c \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647 Tanishka \u060c \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"lang-bash\">id tanishka\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<ol start=\"4\">\n<li><strong>\u0628\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0647 \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0647 \u0686\u0646\u062f\u06cc\u0646 \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 <code>-G<\/code> \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627<\/p>\n<p>\u0646\u062d\u0648:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"lang-bash\">usermod -G group1,group2 user_name\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"lang-bash\">usermod -G linux,docker tanishka\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f <code>tanishka<\/code> \u0628\u0647 <code>sudo<\/code> \u0648\u062a <code>docker<\/code> \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0628\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 <strong>\u062a\u0639\u0648\u06cc\u0636<\/strong> \u0647\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u06cc\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0645\u06a9\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0632 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u0622\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f. \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0648\u062f\u0646 \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0632 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0641\u0639\u0644\u06cc \u060c \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f <code>-aG<\/code> (\u0628\u0647 \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647 \u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f) \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0627\u06cc\u0646:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"lang-bash\">usermod -aG linux,docker tanishka\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<ol start=\"5\">\n<li><strong>\u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0627\u06cc\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u067e\u06cc\u0634 \u0641\u0631\u0636 \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f <code>-d<\/code>\u0628\u0634\u0631<\/p>\n<p>\u0646\u062d\u0648:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"lang-bash\">usermod -d \/new\/home_directory user_name\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"lang-bash\">usermod -d \/home\/tani tanishka\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 <code>tanishka<\/code>\u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0647 <code>\/home\/tani<\/code>\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0627 <strong>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0628\u062c\u0627 \u0646\u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f<\/strong>\u0628\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0627\u0628\u062c\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u060c \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f <code>-m<\/code> \u06af\u0632\u06cc\u0646\u0647:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"lang-bash\">usermod -d \/home\/tani -m tanishka\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u067e\u0633 \u0627\u0632 \u062c\u0627\u0628\u062c\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0633\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u060c \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0637\u0645\u0626\u0646 \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u06a9\u06cc\u062a \u067e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0648\u0632 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<ol start=\"6\">\n<li><strong>\u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u067e\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u067e\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u067e\u06cc\u0634 \u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u06a9\u0646\u062f <code>-s<\/code>\u0628\u0634\u0631<\/p>\n<p>\u0646\u062d\u0648:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"lang-bash\">usermod -s \/new\/shell user_name\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"lang-bash\">usermod -s \/bin\/zsh tanishka\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f <code>tanishka<\/code>\u067e\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u067e\u06cc\u0634 \u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0628\u0647 <code>zsh<\/code>\u0628\u0634\u0631 \u067e\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0631\u0627\u06cc\u062c \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0632\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p><code>\/bin\/bash<\/code>  (\u067e\u06cc\u0634 \u0641\u0631\u0636)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><code>\/bin\/sh<\/code><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><code>\/bin\/zsh<\/code><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p><code>\/usr\/sbin\/nologin<\/code>  (\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u063a\u06cc\u0631\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0648\u062f)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0628\u0627 <code>usermod<\/code>\u060c \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u062a\u0646\u0638\u06cc\u0645\u0627\u062a \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f. \u0647\u0645\u06cc\u0634\u0647 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"lang-bash\">id tanishka\ngrep tanishka \/etc\/passwd\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2 id=\"heading-final-words\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%d8%b3%d8%ae%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%86_%d9%be%d8%a7%db%8c%d8%a7%d9%86%db%8c\"><\/span>\u0633\u062e\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u06cc<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u060c \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u062f\u0631 RHEL \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u06cc\u0645 \u060c \u062c\u0646\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645. \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0648 \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u06cc\u0645 \u060c \u0633\u067e\u0633 \u062d\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u06cc\u0645 \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0633\u062a \u0632\u062f\u0646<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u062a\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633 \u0647\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u062f \u0648 \u0645\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 \u0628\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u062f \u0642\u0648\u06cc \u0628\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u062f \u060c \u0627\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u0646 \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0644\u06cc\u0646\u0648\u06a9\u0633 \u060c \u062c\u0627\u06cc\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0647 \u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u062a\u062f\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u062f\u0627\u0646\u062f \u060c \u067e\u0648\u0634\u0634 \u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0647\u0645. \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u062f\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0631\u0648\u06cc VIM \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u062d\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u0648 \u0648\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u062a\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0648\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0634\u06af\u0631 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0645\u0646\u062f. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0622\u0646\u0686\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062c\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0622\u0645\u0648\u062e\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u062f \u060c \u062a\u06a9\u0645\u06cc\u0644 \u0645\u06cc \u06a9\u0646\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0645\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f \u060c \u0648 \u0628\u0647 \u0632\u0648\u062f\u06cc \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0627\u0647\u06cc\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f. \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0637 \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u06a9\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u060c \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u0648\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0646\u06cc\u0627\u06cc \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u06cc \u0627\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u062f\u0647\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u06cc\u062f. \u0622\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0647\u0627\u06cc RHEL \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0628\u0639\u062f\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u062f \u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u06cc\u0645!<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<p><br \/>\n<br \/>\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0631 1404-02-20 04:43:12<br \/>\n<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"kk-star-ratings kksr-auto kksr-align-center kksr-valign-bottom\"\n    data-payload='{&quot;align&quot;:&quot;center&quot;,&quot;id&quot;:&quot;18815&quot;,&quot;slug&quot;:&quot;default&quot;,&quot;valign&quot;:&quot;bottom&quot;,&quot;ignore&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;reference&quot;:&quot;auto&quot;,&quot;class&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;count&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;legendonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;readonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;score&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;starsonly&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;best&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;gap&quot;:&quot;5&quot;,&quot;greet&quot;:&quot;\u0627\u0645\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628&quot;,&quot;legend&quot;:&quot;0\\\/5 (0 \u0631\u0627\u06cc)&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;30&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:&quot;\u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 RHEL \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0632\u06cc\u062f: \u06cc\u06a9 \u0631\u0627\u0647\u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639&quot;,&quot;width&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;_legend&quot;:&quot;{score}\\\/{best} ({count} \u0631\u0627\u06cc)&quot;,&quot;font_factor&quot;:&quot;1.25&quot;}'>\n            \n<div class=\"kksr-stars\">\n    \n<div class=\"kksr-stars-inactive\">\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"1\" style=\"padding-left: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 30px; height: 30px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"2\" style=\"padding-left: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 30px; height: 30px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"3\" style=\"padding-left: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 30px; height: 30px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"4\" style=\"padding-left: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 30px; height: 30px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" data-star=\"5\" style=\"padding-left: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 30px; height: 30px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    \n<div class=\"kksr-stars-active\" style=\"width: 0px;\">\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-left: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 30px; height: 30px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-left: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 30px; height: 30px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-left: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 30px; height: 30px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-left: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 30px; height: 30px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n            <div class=\"kksr-star\" style=\"padding-left: 5px\">\n            \n\n<div class=\"kksr-icon\" style=\"width: 30px; height: 30px;\"><\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n                \n\n<div class=\"kksr-legend\" style=\"font-size: 24px;\">\n            <span class=\"kksr-muted\">\u0627\u0645\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0628<\/span>\n    <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><span class=\"span-reading-time rt-reading-time\" style=\"display: block;\"><span class=\"rt-label rt-prefix\">\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0647: <\/span> <span class=\"rt-time\"> 8<\/span> <span class=\"rt-label rt-postfix\">\u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0647<\/span><\/span>\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u06cc\u062f. \u0634\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0644\u06cc\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0647\u06cc\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u060c \u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u061f \u0628\u0631\u062e\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0622\u0632\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u067e\u0631\u0633\u0647 \u0628\u0632\u0646\u0646\u062f \u060c \u0628\u0631\u062e\u06cc \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u062a\u0627\u0642 \u0646\u0634\u06cc\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0686\u0633\u0628\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0686\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u060c \u062e\u0648\u0628 \u060c \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u062f \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0628\u06af\u0648\u06cc\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0627\u062d\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u062c \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f. \u0645\u062f\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u062a [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":18816,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[207,95],"tags":[369,3279,1855,1867,5976,1847,2750,1803,1759,1859,171,1846,2122,432,1868,1813],"class_list":["post-18815","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-infra","category-linux","tag-linux","tag-rhel","tag-1855","tag-1867","tag-5976","tag-1847","tag-2750","tag-1803","tag-1759","tag---nodejs","tag-171","tag-1846","tag-2122","tag-432","tag--linux","tag-1813"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18815","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=18815"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18815\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/18816"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=18815"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=18815"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rasanegaar.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=18815"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}